Virus Accelerates Across Latin America, India, Pakistan

The coronavirus pandemic accelerated across Latin America, Russia and the Indian subcontinent on Friday even as curves flattened and reopening was underway in much of Europe, Asia and the United States.
Many governments say they have to shift their focus to saving jobs that are vanishing as quickly as the virus can spread. In the United States and China, the world’s two largest economies, unemployment is soaring.  
The Federal Reserve chairman has estimated that up to one American in four could be jobless, while in China analysts estimate around a third of the urban workforce is unemployed.
But the virus is roaring through countries ill-equipped to handle the pandemic, which many scientists fear will seed the embers of a second global wave.
India saw its biggest single-day spike since the pandemic began, and Pakistan and Russia  recorded their highest death tolls. Most new Indian cases are in Bihar, where thousands returned home from jobs in the cities. For over a month, some walked among crowds for hundreds of miles.
Latin America’s two most populous nations — Mexico and Brazil — have reported record counts of new cases and deaths almost daily this week, fueling criticism of their presidents, who have slow-walked shutdowns in attempts to limit economic damage.  
Cases were rising and intensive-care units were also swamped in Peru, Chile and Ecuador — countries lauded for imposing early and aggressive business shutdowns and quarantines.  
Brazil reported more than 20,000 deaths and 300,000 confirmed cases Thursday night — the third worst-hit country in the world by official counts. Experts consider both numbers undercounts due to widespread lack of testing.
“It does not forgive, it does not choose race, or if you are rich or poor, black or white,” Bruno Almeida de Mello, a 24-year-old Uber driver, said at his 66-year-old grandmother’s burial in Rio de Janeiro. “It’s sad that in other countries people believe, but not here.”  
She had all the virus’s symptoms, but Vandelma Rosa’s death certificate reads “Suspected of COVID-19,” he said, because her hospital lacked tests. That means she didn’t figure in the death toll, which nevertheless on Thursday marked its biggest single-day increase: 1,181.
President Jair Bolsonaro has scoffed at the seriousness of the virus and actively campaigned against state governors’ attempts to limit movement and commerce.
Bolsonaro fired his first health minister for supporting governors. His second minister resigned after openly disagreeing with Bolsonaro about chloroquine, the predecessor of the anti-malarial often touted by U.S. President Donald Trump as a viable coronavirus treatment.
Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador downplayed the threat for weeks as he continued to travel the country after Mexico’s first confirmed case. He insisted that Mexico was different, that its strong family bonds and work ethic would pull it through.  
The country is now reporting more than 400 deaths a day, and new infections still haven’t peaked.
Armando Sepulveda, a mauseleum manager in the massive Mexico City suburb of Ecatepec, said his burial and cremation business has doubled in recent weeks.
“The crematoriums are saturated,” Sepulveda said. “All of the ovens don’t have that capacity.” Families scour the city looking for funeral services that can handle their dead, because the hospitals can’t keep the bodies, he said.
Meanwhile Mexico’s government has shifted its attention to reactivating the economy. Mining, construction and parts of the North American automotive supply chain were allowed to resume operations this week.  
Russian health officials registered 150 deaths in 24 hours, for a total of 3,249. Many outside Russia have suggested the country is manipulating its statistics to show a comparatively low death rate. The total confirmed number of cases exceeded 326,000 on Friday.
Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin, who himself recovered from coronavirus, said earlier this week that only 27 regions out of 85 are ready to gradually lift their lockdowns. At least three cabinet ministers also contracted the disease, as well as the Kremlin spokesman.
China announced it would give local governments 2 trillion yuan ($280 billion) to help undo the damage from shutdowns imposed to curb the spread of the virus that first appeared in the city of Wuhan in late 2019 and has now infected at least 5.1 million people worldwide, according to a tally by Johns Hopkins University.
The Bank of Japan said it would provide $280 billion in zero-interest, unsecured loans to banks for financing small and medium-size businesses.
European countries also have seen heavy job losses, but robust government safety-net programs in places like Germany and France are subsidizing the wages of millions of workers and keeping them on the payroll. Tourism, a major income generator for Europe, has become a flashpoint as countries debate whether to quarantine new arrivals this summer for the virus’s two-week maximum incubation period.
Spain’s National Statistics Institute published its tourism report Friday showing columns of zeros for overnight stays, average length of stays and occupancy rates in April. Spain is Europe’s second most popular tourist destination, after France, and an economic recovery without visitors is all but unthinkable.  
Nearly 39 million Americans have lost their jobs since the crisis accelerated  two months ago. States from coast to coast are gradually reopening their economies and letting people return to work, but more than 2.4 million people filed for unemployment last week alone.
Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell said over the weekend that U.S. unemployment could peak in May or June at 20% to 25%, a level last seen during the depths of the Great Depression almost 90 years ago. Unemployment in April stood at 14.7%, a figure also unmatched since the 1930s.
In an eerie echo of famous Depression-era images, U.S. cities are authorizing homeless tent encampments, including San Francisco, where about 80 tents are now neatly spaced out on a wide street near city hall as part of a “safe sleeping village” opened last week. The area between the city’s central library and its Asian Art Museum is fenced off to outsiders, monitored around the clock and provides meals, showers, clean water and trash pickup.
Nathan Rice, a 32-year-old who is camping there, said he’d much rather have a hotel room than a tent on a sidewalk.
“I hear it on the news, hear it from people here that they’re going to be getting us hotel rooms,” he said. “That’s what we want, you know, to be safe inside.”
Despite an often combative approach  to scientists who disagree with him, Trump’s approval ratings have remained steady, underscoring the way Americans seem to have made up their minds about him. A poll from The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research says 41% approve of his job performance, while 58% disapprove. That’s consistent with opinions of him throughout his three years in office.
The World Bank announced a $500 million program for countries in East Africa battling COVID-19 and deadly flooding along with historic swarms of ravenous desert locusts. The added threat of the pandemic has further imperiled a region where millions lack regular access to food.
While many African countries have been praised for their response to the coronavirus, Tanzania is the most dramatic exception, run by a president who questions — or fires — his own health experts and says prayer has solved the crisis.  
The East African country’s number of confirmed virus cases hasn’t changed for three weeks, and the international community is openly worrying that Tanzania’s government is hiding the true scale of the pandemic. Just over 500 cases have been reported in a country of nearly 60 million people.

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China’s Push to Impose National Security Law in Hong Kong Sparks Anger

China’s plan to impose a national security law on Hong Kong to prevent and punish acts of “secession, subversion or terrorism activities” that threaten national security has drawn fire from critics and ordinary Hong Kongers alike, with many lamenting this is the end of the free and open city that the world has known.  The plan also would allow Chinese national security organs to set up agencies in Hong Kong “when needed.” China has long indicated its intention to bring Hong Kong under tighter control — it warned in a 2014 policy white paper that it has “comprehensive jurisdiction” or “comprehensive power to rule” over Hong Kong.  The millions-strong, often violent protests last year sparked by a controversial extradition law shocked the Chinese leadership and in recent months, Chinese officials have unequivocally ordered the city to enact legislation to bar subversion, separatism, and foreign interference to plug the national security “loopholes” that threaten the country’s stability. In the communique of a key Communist party meeting in November, the Fourth Plenum, Beijing told the city to “perfect” its legal system to safeguard national security.Critics say Beijing’s efforts to incorporate Hong Kong into its national security system through bypassing the city’s parliament amount to a breach of its promise of the “one country two systems” policy enshrined in the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration that is meant to guarantee Hong Kong a high degree of autonomy.At the opening of China’s annual parliamentary session Friday, Wang Chen, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, said a draft version of the proposal had been submitted to the legislature for deliberation.  In the proposal, the parliament would authorize the standing committee to formulate laws on “establishing and improving the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for [Hong Kong] to safeguard national security” to prevent and punish acts in Hong Kong seen as subversion, terrorism, separatism and foreign interference, or “other acts that seriously endanger national security, as well as activities of foreign and external forces that interfere in the affairs of Hong Kong.”   He also told the parliament that “when needed,” China’s national security organs will set up agencies in Hong Kong to “fulfill relevant duties to safeguard national security.” He said relevant national security laws will be implemented through Hong Kong’s mini-constitution, the Basic Law’s Annex III, which allows national laws to be applied to the city.   However, Martin Lee, a drafter of the Basic Law and founder of Democracy Party, pointed out that the Basic Law mandates that national laws to be applied to Hong Kong in Annex III should be “confined to those relating to defence and foreign affairs” and “other matters outside the limits of the autonomy” of Hong Kong. Under the article 23 of the Basic Law, Hong Kong is meant to enact laws “on its own” to prohibit “treason, secession, sedition [and] subversion” against the Chinese government, and other acts including the theft of state secrets and foreign political organizations engaging in political activities in the city.    Given the widespread opposition over the years, though, Hong Kong’s inability to legislate such a law of its own accord made it necessary for China to take action,  Wang told the parliament.  “More than 20 years after Hong Kong’s return, relevant laws are yet to materialize due to the sabotage and obstruction by those trying to sow trouble in Hong Kong and China at large, as well as external hostile forces,” Wang said.“Efforts must be made at the state level to establish and improve the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for [Hong Kong] to safeguard national security, to change the long-term ‘defenseless’ status in the field of national security,” Wang said.  He justified China’s move by saying “the increasingly notable national security risks in Hong Kong have become a prominent problem” and protests activities have “seriously challenged the bottom line of the ‘one country, two systems’ principle, harmed the rule of law, and threatened national sovereignty and security.”The drastic move caused jitters across Hong Kong, among ordinary Hong Kongers and the business community.  “The national security law is clearly pushing Hong Kong towards an end.  Apart from the impact on freedom of speech …  it also tells us how useless the Legislative Council is because the National People’s Congress standing committee can totally bypass it,” said a 17-year-old student who did not want to give his name.  “If it can happen once, there is a high likelihood that the same thing will happen again for other laws.”Many said the move was a wake-up call that provided fresh impetus for the year-old anti-government movement that has largely stalled amid the COVID-19 pandemic and  authorities’ intensifying clampdown.“We cannot deceive ourselves anymore,” said a post on LIHKG.com, a site popular with protesters in the anti-government movement.“Many people have felt discouraged and helpless, while feeling there was nothing they could do except to watch Hong Kong die, then this national security law came along and our fighting spirit has returned!” said another post.  “I know this is the end of Hong Kong, but it’s also the beginning of the Hong Kong people.” Michael Davis, a Global Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center and former law professor at the University of Hong Kong, said Beijing’s imposition of the national security law “clearly flies in the face of the Basic Law.”Beijing’s hardening policies also show that it has not understood what caused discontent in Hong Kong in the first place, he said. “It has long been clear that most protests in Hong Kong are driven by Beijing’s interference that weakens Hong Kong’s autonomy and the rule of law. Instead of taking on board that message, they have continually doubled down on their interference.”China’s move is also expected to lead to the flight of capital and talent from the Asian financial hub, and some wealthy individuals have already begun to scout for investment options elsewhere, bankers and headhunters told Reuters. Hong Kong’s main stock market index tumbled the most in almost five years after Beijing’s plan was revealed.  The benchmark Hang Seng Index dived 5.6%, or 1,349.89 points, to 22,930.14 on Friday, its biggest decline since July 2015.The jitters have also caused some to want to emigrate.“We have kids, we really have to think about leaving,” said a parent on an online chat group.

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Pandemic Exposes Health Care Shortcomings for African Americans

Sitting outside an urgent care medical center, Michelle Thomas feels sick. She traveled 30 minutes across town from her Washington, D.C., neighborhood to seek treatment for a persistent cough and fever. Both are common symptoms for COVID-19 in a city that has lost at least 400 residents to the pandemic.“There’re no doctors’ offices in my neighborhood. I really don’t see a doctor regularly and wouldn’t know what to do if I got the virus,” Thomas told VOA.The 73-year-old retired schoolteacher is like millions of African Americans who have long-struggled to access adequate health care. Now, her concerns are heightened.“I know my age and health problems put me at greater risk for serious illness from the virus,” she said. Thomas’s plight comes as COVID-19 has proved especially deadly for many minority communities in America. Nationwide, more than 20,000 African Americans have died from the coronavirus, according to the American Public Media (APM) Research Lab. Authors of the survey acknowledged the numbers were incomplete because some states have not reported data broken down by race and ethnicity.  Even so, APM’s data show the black mortality rate from COVID-19 is three times higher than that of white people. Researchers believe minorities are more at risk of catching the virus because they disproportionately hold jobs for which teleworking and staying at home is not an option. Dr. Ala Stanford administers a COVID-19 swab test on Wade Jeffries in the parking lot of Pinn Memorial Baptist Church in Philadelphia, April 22, 2020.Snapshots of uneven health careMany longtime health care practitioners in urban areas say the pandemic has highlighted chronic shortcomings in health care delivery — and health outcomes — in African American neighborhoods.  “In D.C. neighborhoods, where 95% of the residents are black, the life expectancy is 72 years old. But just a few miles away in predominantly white neighborhoods, it is 87,” said Dr. Wayne Frederick, a surgical oncologist and president of Howard University, in Washington. “So, when you start looking at all the social determinants of health in both areas, you begin to see why the discrepancies exist.” In a city where in 2018, African Americans were estimated at 46% of the population, the Department of Health reports they account for 77% of COVID-19 deaths. By comparison, whites make up about 42% of city residents but just 11% of COVID-19 deaths. Nationwide, African Americans comprise 13% of the U.S. population. A survey from 40 states and the District of Columbia found that black people account for 27% of COVID-19 deaths.  Lt. Gen. Todd Semonite, left, commanding general of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, departs a news conference with District of Columbia Mayor Muriel Bowser at a temporary alternate care site constructed in response to the coronavirus outbreak.”This virus has not left the District,” Washington Mayor Muriel Bowser said at a recent news conference. “We are working at building a healthy community and (to) improve access to better health care.”Decades of research show that many African Americans go untreated or undertreated for diabetes, hypertension and other medical conditions that add to the mortality risk for COVID-19. The problem extends to the nation’s capital, where in 2019, the federal government estimated that 97% of residents had some form of health insurance. Frederick blames poor health outcomes on a dearth of medical facilities in African American communities.“In one of the biggest populated black D.C. neighborhoods, there’s only one acute care facility, which is functioning at a very low level. And most of the acute care facilities are in the other neighborhoods,” he said. “It’s not a matter of not having health insurance. It’s a matter of having access to doctors’ facilities and other health care providers.” Some African American leaders are calling for more government spending directed at preventive care and coronavirus testing in black communities.“If you spend as much money on the lower tier of the health care outcomes, you actually help the entire system,” Frederick said. “We need more doctors and ambulatory care services in black neighborhoods.” He noted that Howard University’s medical school graduates more than 100 physicians every year, some of whom set up practices in underrepresented neighborhoods.In the short term, health officials are scrambling to increase testing and contact tracing in minority communities to slow down rates of infection.As Washington resident Thomas waits for her bus home, she said she hopes people in her community take the virus seriously. “I don’t want to see more people die,” she said. 

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China Boosts Spending for Virus-Hit Economy, Takes Up HK Law

China’s No. 2 leader on Friday promised higher spending to revive its pandemic-stricken economy and curb surging job losses but avoided launching a massive stimulus on the scale of the United States or Japan.  
Premier Li Keqiang told lawmakers Beijing would set no economic growth target, usually a closely watched feature of government plans, in order to focus on fighting the outbreak. The virus battle “has not yet come to an end,” Li warned.  
Also Friday, legislators took up a proposed national security law  for Hong Kong that reflects Beijing’s desire to tighten control over the former British colony. No details were released, but Washington has warned it might withdraw Hong Kong’s preferential trade status if the “high degree of autonomy” promised by the mainland is eroded.
The coronavirus pandemic that prompted China to isolate cities with a total population of 60 million people has added to strains for the ruling Communist Party that include anti-government protests in Hong Kong and a tariff war with Washington.  
China has reported 83,000 virus cases and 4,634 deaths from the virus. It was the first country to shut down factories, shops and travel to fight the pandemic and the first to reopen in March but it is still struggling to revive activity.
Private sector analysts say as much as 30% of the urban workforce, or as many as 130 million people, have lost their jobs at least temporarily. They say as many as 25 million jobs might be lost for good this year.
Beijing will give local governments 2 trillion yuan ($280 billion) to spend on preventing job losses, making sure the public’s basic needs are met and helping private companies survive, Li said.  
The government’s budget deficit will swell by 1 trillion yuan ($140 billion) this year to help meet targets including creating 9 million new urban jobs, Li said. That is in line with expectations for higher spending but a fraction of the $1 trillion-plus stimulus packages launched or discussed by the United States, Japan and Europe.  
“These are extraordinary measures for an unusual time,” the premier said in the nationally televised speech.  
The world’s second-largest economy contracted by 6.8% over a year earlier in the three months ending in March after factories, offices, travel and other businesses were shut down to fight the virus. Forecasters expect little to no growth this year, down from 2019’s 6.1%, already a multi-decade low.  
The big deficit “indicates significant policy support for the domestic recovery,” Louis Kuijs of Oxford Economics said in a report.  
However, Beijing is reluctant to launch a stimulus that would add to already high Chinese debt and strains on the financial system, Kuijs said.
Li also promised to work with Washington to carry out the truce signed in January in their fight over Beijing’s technology ambitions and trade surplus. The premier gave no details, but President Donald Trump has threatened to back out of the deal if China fails to buy more American exports.  
Strains with Washington have been aggravated by Trump’s accusations that Beijing is to blame for the virus’s global spread.  
Also Friday, the government announced the military budget, the world’s second-biggest after the United States, will rise 6.6% to 1.3 trillion yuan ($178 billion). The military budget excludes some large items including acquisitions of major weapons systems.
This year’s annual session of the ceremonial National People’s Congress is being held under intensive anti-disease controls. Officials are holding news conferences by video instead of meeting reporters face to face. Reporters are required to undergo laboratory tests for the virus before being allowed into the press center.
Li said the proposed Hong Kong law would create “enforcement mechanisms for safeguarding national security.”
Beijing has pushed for measures in Hong Kong such as punishment for showing disrespect for the Chinese flag and increasing patriotic-themed education in schools.  
Friday’s move appears to have been prompted by anti-government protests in Hong Kong that began in June over a proposed extradition law and have expanded to cover other grievances and demands for more democracy. A similar measure was withdrawn from Hong Kong’s legislature in 2003 following massive public protests.
The Trump administration is delaying submission to Congress of a report on Hong Kong’s status to see whether the NPC takes steps that “further undermine” its autonomy, said a spokesman for the American Embassy in Beijing.
“Any effort to impose national security legislation that does not reflect the will of the people of Hong Kong would be highly destabilizing, and would be met with strong condemnation from the United States and the international community,” the spokesman, Frank Whitaker, said in an email.
Hong Kong’s main stock market index tumbled 5.6% on the news. Other Asian markets also  declined due to concern about U.S.-Chinese tension but none by such a wide margin.
Traders are waiting to see “how severe the terms are” and the White House response, said market analyst Stephen Innes of AxiCorp in a report.
Li urged officials to make progress in an array of areas including employment, trade, attracting foreign investment, meeting the public’s basic living needs and ensuring the stability of industrial supply chains.
Ensuring economic growth is “of crucial significance” even though Beijing set no official target, Li said. Pressure on employment has “risen significantly,” he said.  
Automakers and other manufacturers say production has rebounded almost to normal levels, but consumer spending, the main engine of economic growth, is weak amid widespread worries about potential job losses.
Forecasters say China is likely to face a “W-shaped recovery” with a second downturn and millions of politically volatile job losses later in the year due to weak U.S. and European demand for Chinese exports.  
The ruling party hopes to achieve longer-term goals this year including eliminating rural poverty despite virus-related disruptions of efforts to double economic output and incomes from 2010 levels by this year.  
“We will give priority to stabilizing employment and ensuring people’s livelihood, resolutely win the battle to overcome poverty,” the premier said.

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Kenya Church Leader Takes Services to Worshippers Amid COVID-19 Restrictions

Kenya’s ban on church services because of social distancing restrictions to slow the coronavirus pandemic, is not stopping one church leader from spreading the Gospel.The Rev. Paul Macharia from All Saints’ Cathedral in Kiambu County heads the service, dubbed “B2B” for “balcony to balcony.”Each Sunday he hits the road delivering his sermons to scores of people in apartment buildings.Macharia relishes the reception he has received, telling the Associated Press it would not be possible if people didn’t invite his mobile church into their communities.”It has been beautiful seeing children coming together for worship services,” he said.The service appears to have taken on an aura of hope as Kenya tries to contain the coronavirus, which has infected just over 1,000 people and caused at least 50 deaths.

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Kenya Researchers Explore Herbal COVID-19 Cure

Kenya has stepped up efforts to find a local treatment for COVID-19. The Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), East Africa’s leading medical research facility, is testing the efficacy of an herbal medicine known as Zedupex.The search for both a cure and a vaccine for the coronavirus has intensified around the globe, including in Kenya, as medical researchers race to find the elusive remedy.Dr. Festus Tolo of Kenya’s Medical Research Institute is the lead scientist tasked with finding out whether an herbal-based drug will be effective against COVID-19. Zedupex, developed in 2015 by Kenyan researchers, has been used in the treatment of herpes.Tolo says his team does not know yet whether the drug will work against the virus.“We are still in very early stages. We cannot be able to say, knowing that the herpes simplex virus is a DNA virus and the coronavirus is an RNA virus,” he said. “This really means that we need to — first of all — to confirm, check whether there’s activity before we can be able to really say this is a product we can explore further for COVID management.”Rudi Eggers is with the World Health Organization. Eggers says that standardizing the various herbal cures could be quite a challenge.“In other medicines, we find that there are specific levels of the active ingredient and in herbal cures frequently you find varied components and then also levels of those components in there,” Eggers said. “So, in fact you’d have to standardize these cures to make sure that you know what is in them and what component is actually acting. So that’s quite a step to be taken before actually evaluating these cures.”Dr. Kefa Bosire an ethnobiologist, based at the University of Nairobi, also has reservations about traditional cures, saying that mass production could be an issue.“The immediate challenge we would face is getting sufficient quantities of the plant so that we can prepare them to supply the number of patients that might require on a short notice, like we have experienced during this pandemic,” Bosire said. “So, this would require a lot of work to go into identifying the best way to upscale the growing and collection of this materials.”Despite these hurdles, researchers at KEMRI are pressing ahead with their study of herbal treatments for COVID-19.Kenya itself has seen more than 1,000 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease so far, and about 50 deaths.

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Lives Lost: At US Veterans’ Home, Towering Legacies of Coronavirus Dead

In communities around the Holyoke Soldiers’ Home in Massachusetts, families are marking the first Memorial Day without a veteran who was a parent, spouse or sibling. More than 70 have died of the coronavirus at the home. Relatives of the lost tell similar stories of their loved one, many who rarely spoke of their service, having moved on to tend to families and new careers at home. The outbreak at the Soldiers’ Home is one of the worst in the country and the subject of state and federal investigations.Each of their stories was different, but common strains repeat: Of humility and generosity; of finding joy in the unpretentious; of a sharp mind disappearing into fog or a hale body betrayed by age.And, of service, in war or in peace, that often went unspoken when they returned home.In their final years, these veterans found their place at the Holyoke Soldiers’ Home in Massachusetts. And in their final days, as the coronavirus engulfed the home and killed more than 70, they found battle again.Left behind by these victims of the pandemic are those who were blessed by their kindnesses. Memorial Day dawns for the first time without them here, and a new emptiness pervades the little Cape Cods and prim colonials they once shared.At these doorsteps, they were heroes not for valor, not for the enemies they defeated, but for the tenderness they showed. Peek through their bay windows and screen doors and bedroom panes. There is no blizzard of ticker tape, no gunfire of salute, just a void, a hole, a chasm of what’s been lost.Seeking to capture moments of private mourning at a time of global isolation, Associated Press photographer David Goldman visited the homes of 12 families struggling to honor spouses, parents and siblings during a lockdown that has sidelined many funeral traditions.Goldman used a projector to cast large images of the veterans onto the homes of their loved ones, who looked out from doors and windows. The resulting portraits show both the towering place each veteran held in their loved ones’ lives — and the sadness left behind. Here are their stories.An image of veteran Alfred Healy is projected onto the home of his daughter, Eileen Driscoll, left, as she looks out the window with her sister, Patricia Creran, in Holyoke, Mass., May 7, 2020.Alfred Healy, 91, loved corny jokes and adored his family. He listened to audiobooks constantly and closely followed the news. He devoured history and was quick with facts on U.S. presidents. He was humble. He won a Bronze Star, but his family only found out how decorated a soldier he was when he was gone. He was a longtime U.S. Postal Service employee who rose to become a town postmaster. He was sharp as a tack and liked to deem things “snazzy” or “classy.” On his last night, the nurses gave him chocolate ice cream and showed him photos of some young relatives. And by dawn, he was gone.An image of veteran Constance ‘Kandy’ Pinard is projected onto the home she grew up in with her sister, Tammy Petrowicz, left, and brothers, Paul, center, and Brian Driscoll in Florence, Mass., May 14, 2020.Constance Pinard, 73, had a life with struggles: A marriage gone sour, the pressures of raising two children on her own, family rifts that grew worse with an aggressive case of dementia. But there were so many joys, too: The miles she drove in her Jeep or flew in the air to reach new places as a travel nurse, the rank of captain she achieved, the thrill of meeting Barry Manilow, the musician she loved. Her sister Tammy Petrowicz remembers a woman overflowing with energy “like the Energizer Bunny,” who was 16 years older but “still could run circles around me.” The Air Force veteran loved meeting new people wherever she went. Petrowicz recalls standing in a grocery store line with her, chit-chatting with strangers like they were old friends. “She talked to anybody and everybody,” her sister says.An image of veteran James Sullivan is projected onto the home of his son, Tom Sullivan, left, as he looks out a window with his brother, Joseph Sullivan, in South Hadley, Mass., May 4, 2020.James Sullivan, 99, grew up with nothing and appreciated everything, a consummate gentleman who found joy in the small things — the Red Sox on TV, a cold Bud Light in his hand, a fresh tomato out of the garden. Sullivan was an artillery technician in the Army during World War II who won the Bronze Star. He had a mischievous side, as evidenced by the time his father told him he couldn’t play ball because he had to paint the garage. He obliged, painting it top to bottom, windowpanes and all. He was a liquor store clerk, a school custodian and a city councilman, a man who always beamed with a smile right up to the end of his life. He died four days shy of his 100th birthday. Quiet, unselfish, inquisitive about others. “How you doing, pal?” he’d ask. Whenever someone would ask him the same, he offered something similar: “Never had a bad day.”An image of veteran Charles Lowell is projected onto the home he shared with his wife, Alice, for 30 years as she stands at left with her daughter, Susan Kenney, in Hardwick, Mass., May 2, 2020.Charles Lowell, 78, was a missile guide technician and an IBM operations manager, a Masonic lodge master and town selectman, a volunteer firefighter and paramedic. Along the way, his life was littered with good deeds — the troubled teenager he’d take in, the hungry family he’d help with groceries — done with little notice or unmentioned altogether. “He didn’t tell people things like that,” his daughter Susan Kenney says. She remembers a father always teaching her something new and always trying to make people laugh, something his wife, Alice Lowell, says his colleagues appreciated. “It wasn’t like going to work,” she says of the man she knew since she was a child. “It was going to play with Chuck.”An image of veteran Stephen Kulig is projected onto the home of his daughter, Elizabeth DeForest, as she looks out the window of a spare bedroom as her husband, Kevin, sits downstairs in Chicopee, Mass., May 3, 2020.Stephen Kulig, 92, always had a smile on his face and hard candies in his pocket. The list of roles he played was long: veteran of World War II and Korea, devoted Boston sports fan, bingo caller, school dance chaperone, altar server, soup kitchen volunteer, Knights of Columbus member. His daughter Elizabeth DeForest remembers a man who was a natural caregiver — for his wife of 63 years, for his five children and for his parents and in-laws. “I use the word fierce to describe him,” DeForest says. “He was really fiercely proud of his family. He was fierce in the way that he practiced faith and he taught it to our family and to all of us. Just fierce in the way he loved and protected the people that mattered to him.”An image of veteran Chester LaPlante is projected onto the home of his son, Randy LaPlante, as he looks out a window with his wife, Nicole, and their sons, Evan and Blake, at their home in Amsterdam, N.Y., May 5, 2020.Chester LaPlante, 78, had a knack for improving things wherever he went. He restored cars and could repair just about anything, and in the lives of his three children, he was the jack-of-all-trades father who knew how to make them smile. His son Randy LaPlante remembered his father giving him “bear rides” around the living room, rubbing his beard against his little face and buying him a go-kart. Later, the elder LaPlante took his son under his wing and taught him about being a machinist, a career he holds to this day. “I don’t know where I would be without him,” LaPlante says.An image of veteran Harry Malandrinos is projected onto the home of his son, Paul Malandrinos, as he looks out a window with his wife, Cheryl, in Wilbraham, Mass., May 16, 2020.Harry Malandrinos, 89, was a quiet man, but had many stories to tell: of fighting a war in Korea, of touring the U.S. as a band’s drummer, of four decades as a public school teacher. “When he spoke, you listened, because he didn’t waste his words,” his daughter-in-law Cheryl Malandrinos says. He always had a joke, was a master woodworker, avidly rooted for the Patriots, Red Sox and Bruins and would happily settle for “Family Feud” if his teams weren’t on TV. Every now and again, his son Paul Malandrinos would run into a former student of his father’s who would sing his praises. “He was pretty much the working-class guy that represents so many of us,” his daughter-in-law says.An image of veteran Francis Foley is projected onto the home of his wife, Dale Foley, left, as she looks out a window with their daughter, Keri Rutherford, in Chicopee, Mass., April 29, 2020.Francis Foley, 84, never learned to read music but could play any song by ear. He loved a cup of coffee and something sweet from Dunkin’ Donuts. He kept the nurses at the home laughing. He was fiercely protective of his family. Ask his family about the man they lost, and the words flow easily about the card-carrying union carpenter, Army veteran, devoted husband of 54 years and father of four. “He was strong. He was funny. He was engaging. He was ornery. He was feisty,” his daughter Keri Rutherford says. “He was still full of life. And then within days, he’s gone.”An image of veteran Roy Benson is projected onto the home of his daughter, Robin Benson Wilson, left, as she looks out a doorway with her husband, Donald, in Holland, Mass., May 13, 2020.Roy Benson, 88, whistled a lilting song throughout his life, one of the things imprinted on the minds of those who loved him, like the way he’d stir sugar into his morning coffee or holler for a visitor to return the minute they stepped out the door. His daughter Robin Benson Wilson calls them “comfort sounds” that signaled “the world is good.” He was a towering 6-foot-4. He made friends easily and often, always finding a familiar face wherever he went. He was a mechanic in the Korean War and it seemed like he could fix anything. With old age, his ability to whistle faded. But during a Christmastime visit by Benson Wilson to the Soldiers’ Home, her father managed to pucker his lips and offer a bit of that familiar tune one last time.An image of veteran Emilio DiPalma, is projected onto the home of his daughter, Emily Aho, left, as she looks out a window with her husband, George, in Jaffrey, N.H., April 30, 2020.Emilio DiPalma, 93, had gone off to war as a happy-go-lucky kid, but it didn’t take long for his Hollywood visions of battle to dissolve into the reality of watching friends die. After the Germans were defeated, DiPalma was sent to Nuremberg, where he made copies of documents detailing war crimes, watched over Nazis in their prison cells and stood guard beside the witness box in the courtroom where the evils of genocide were detailed. One time, he filled the glass of one of the most powerful Nazis — Hermann Goring — with toilet water. Back home in the U.S., he lived a life of humility, rarely talking about his service. “He did all of this in World War II and we hardly knew about it,” says his daughter Emily Aho.An image of veteran James Mandeville is projected onto the home of his daughter, Laurie Mandeville Beaudette, as she looks out a window with her son, Kyle, left, and husband, Mike, in Springfield, Mass., May 12, 2020.James Mandeville, 83, had a playfulness to him that never seemed to fade. With his grandchildren, he’d swim and wrestle and play basketball, even after he started using a wheelchair. He’d play cards with his daughter Laurie Mandeville Beaudette and, if she left the table, she’d return to find the deck had been stacked. She took to calling him “Cheater Beater.” He found joy in babies and dogs and for all his fun-lovingness, he imparted something deep in those who were close to him. “He always made me feel like I was the most important person in the world,” she says. “We were best friends.”An image of veteran Samuel Melendez is projected onto the home of his nieces, Janet Ramirez, right, and Mary Perez, as they look out a doorway in Chicopee, Mass., May 17, 2020.Samuel Melendez, 86, would clam up and appear sad when someone would ask about his time in Korea. But he was affectionate and easygoing, a man who’d let a young relative have a seat on his lap or give them a dollar from his pocket, which made them feel rich. He loved the island of his heritage, Puerto Rico. He loved dominoes and family gatherings and would jump on a plane whenever someone needed him. When he became less independent, he went to live with his niece Janet Ramirez and when he needed more help, he moved to the Soldiers’ Home, where she is a nurse’s aide. She lost her own father when she was young and as her uncle grew sicker, Ramirez slipped away to his room to hold his hand or to play Spanish music on her phone and put it to his hear. “I felt like he was my dad,” she says.    

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Puerto Rico Set To Reopen Businesses and Beaches, Amid Warning

Puerto Rico is set to reopen retail businesses, beaches, and places of worship  on Tuesday, with a warning from health experts that the U.S. territory’s government is not prepared for a possible surge in new infections as it moves from a two-month lockdown.Governor Wanda Vázquez announced Thursday that most businesses will reopen under strict new rules, including restrictions on how many people will be allowed inside restaurants.Food truck owner Mauro Alago welcomed the reopenings, saying, “It’s a relief because people finally have green light.”  He also said he believes all businesses will be able to adapt to the new rules.A curfew, from 7 p.m. to 5 a.m., will remain in place until June 15, and people are still required to wear face masks.Vázquez said the restricted reopenings will protect people and provide an economic boost to the island, still recovering from hurricanes and earthquakes.Although Puerto Rico continues to add dozens of coronavirus cases daily, Vázquez said,  “[I]t’s the right time, and we have flattened the curve.”Puerto Rico’s Health Department confirms more than 2,900 COVID-19 cases and 126 deaths.Vázquez said gyms and movie theaters will remain closed and malls will reopen June 8. 

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Trump Orders US Flags at Half-Staff for COVID-19 Victims

U.S. President Donald Trump has ordered flags on all federal buildings and monuments lowed to half-staff for the next three days in memory of all Americans who have lost their lives to the coronavirus.He made the announcement late Thursday on Twitter at the same time he said the lowered flags Monday will also honor servicemen and women “who have made the ultimate sacrifice for our nation” as the country marks Memorial Day.Meanwhile, Michigan’s attorney general said Trump may not be invited back to the state if he refuses to wear a face mask in public.Trump on Thursday visited a Ford auto factory near Detroit that has been converted into a plant to build ventilators.All of the Ford executives who were showing Trump around the plant were wearing face masks. But Trump, as he has always done, refused to wear one.Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel said it isn’t just Ford Motors’ policy that all visitors to its plants wear a mask – it is also state law.“He’s going to be asked not to return to any enclosed facilities inside our state … we’re going to have to take action” against any company that allows it in the future,” Nessel said.When asked if Trump was told it was not acceptable to not wear a mask in the plant, Ford Executive Chairman Bill Ford said, “It’s up to him.”Trump claimed he did wear a mask out of view of reporters because he said he did not want to give the media the pleasure of seeing it.The president has reportedly told White House aides that he does not want to wear a mask in public because he thinks it makes him look weak.A member of the 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment also known as The Old Guard wears a face mask as he places flags in front of each headstone for “Flags-In” at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Va., May 21, 2020, ahead of Memorial Day.Complaints from many Democrats and some governors that the White House’s handling of the coronavirus outbreak has been incoherent has apparently had little effect on Trump’s approval rating.A new poll by the Associated Press and University of Chicago gives him a 41 percent job approval rating — a number that has been consistent throughout his presidency.Also Thursday, the president said the government has made an agreement with British drugmaker AstraZeneca to produce 400 million doses of a potential coronavirus vaccine.AstraZeneca said it has received more than $1 billion from federal researchers.“We have a lot of things happening on the vaccine front,” Trump told reporters. “We’re so far ahead of where people thought we’d be.”The U.S. government has other deals with Johnson & Johnson, Moderna, and the French company Sanofi for vaccine development.Some critics have said they are concerned that rich countries such as the United States will corner the market on vaccines because of the huge amounts of money they are investing.Experts have said a coronavirus vaccine may not be ready for as long as 18 months, but recent progress in testing indicates one may be ready sooner than later.The coronavirus has taken the life of someone who spent 55 years in the White House but never made headlines or stood behind a microphone in front of reporters.Wilson Roosevelt Jerman was a White House butler who served every president from Dwight Eisenhower to Barack Obama before a stroke forced him into retirement in 2012.His granddaughter said he died last week of COVID-19.The Obamas, Clintons, and the George W. Bush family all said Thursday that Jerman was a kind and generous man who helped make the vast and sometimes cold and unfriendly White House feel like a home.  

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US Objects to China’s Proposed Law to Limit Hong Kong Opposition Activity

The United States warned China Thursday against any move to weaken Hong Kong’s autonomy following reports that China’s parliament will propose national security legislation for the territory in response to pro-democracy protests that often turned violent.”If it happens, we’ll address that issue very strongly,” U.S. President Donald Trump said Thursday as he left the White House for a trip to Michigan.The president has been critical of China for several months, blaming it for the spread of the coronavirus beyond Wuhan, where it originated.“Any effort to impose national security legislation that does not reflect the will of the people of Hong Kong would be highly destabilizing and would be met with strong condemnation from the United States and the international community,” said Morgan Ortagus, State Department spokesperson.“As the Secretary has stated, we are delaying the submission of our annual Hong Kong Policy Act Report to Congress to allow us to account for any additional actions that Beijing may be contemplating in the run-up to and during the National People’s Congress that would further undermine Hong Kong’s high degree of autonomy.”Journalists attend a news conference by Zhang Yesui, a spokesman for the National People’s Congress, broadcast remotely to the media center on the eve of the annual legislature opening session in Beijing, May 21, 2020.Members of Congress were equally critical of China’s plans.”A further crackdown from Beijing will only intensify the Senate’s interest in reexamining the U.S.-China relationship,” U.S. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, a Republican, said in a statement.“Reports that the CCP (Communist Party of China) will introduce legislation implementing Article 23 of the Hong Kong Basic Law at this week’s National People’s Congress indicate Beijing will begin an unprecedented assault against Hong Kong’s autonomy,” Sens. James Risch, Marco Rubio and Cory Gardiner of the Senate Foreign Relations committee, said in a statement.Article 23 of the Basic Law says the Hong Kong government shall enact laws on its own to prohibit any act of treason, secession, sedition or subversion against the central government. An attempt to implement the article failed in 2003 in the face of large demonstrations.“The United States will stand resolute in its support of the Hong Kong people. These developments are of grave concern to the United States and could lead to a significant reassessment on U.S. policy towards Hong Kong,” the senators’ statement added.Chinese President Xi Jinping gestures as he arrives for the opening session of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, May 21, 2020.“I strongly urge the Chinese Communist Party not to impose additional oppressive legislation disguised as ‘national security’ on Hong Kong,” Congressman Michael McCaul of the House Foreign Affairs Committee said in a statement. “Any law passed by the CCP that further stifles the freedom of the people of Hong Kong would only further erode the foundations of One Country, Two Systems, and will not be tolerated by the United States. We stand with the people of Hong Kong, who are fighting for freedom over oppression, and for democracy over the CCP’s tyranny.”National People’s Congress spokesman Zhang Yesui announced the plan Thursday as an annual high-level political conference in China that was delayed by the coronavirus pandemic for two months got under way in Beijing.Zhang said the ceremonial Parliament will consider a measure aimed at “establishing and improving the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to safeguard national security.”Zhang’s announcement seemed to confirm speculation that Beijing would bypass Hong Kong’s own legislature in approving legislation to prevent activity in the territory.

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Changes to US Airport Security Checkpoints Rolled Out

The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is implementing changes to the security checkpoint process at airports to reduce risks of cross-contamination in light of the coronavirus pandemic. With Memorial Day weekend approaching, many of TSA’s changes have already begun, and more are to be added nationwide by mid-June.  A traveler pulls down her protective mask as a TSA agent compares her face to her identification at a security entrance at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, May 18, 2020, in SeaTac, Wash.Changes already in effect include optional eye protection and plastic face shields for TSA officers, routine cleaning and disinfecting of common surfaces, plastic shielding at checkpoints and other social distancing precautions. In order to minimize potential cross-contamination, travelers are encouraged to place items from their pockets — such as wallets and keys — as well as belts directly into carry-on bags rather than bins.  Food should now be packed in clear plastic bags to be scanned separately so TSA officers will not have to open carry-ons for further inspection. Passengers will scan their own boarding passes and hold them up to TSA officers for visual inspections to limit touch contact. If carry-on items that should have been removed are found, passengers may be asked to repeat the security process in order to limit TSA officers having to manually search belongings.   Face masks for passengers and social distancing practices are strongly suggested, as well. At this time last year, more than 2 million total travelers passed through checkpoints in a single day, according to the TSA. That number dropped off significantly in mid-March but has been steadily increasing. Today, that number is around 230,000. “In the interest of TSA front-line workers and traveler health, TSA is committed to making prudent changes to our screening processes to limit physical contact and increase physical distance as much as possible,” TSA Administrator David Pekoske said in a statement. “We continue to evaluate our security measures with an eye towards making smart, timely decisions benefiting health and safety, as well as the traveler experience.” TSA advises travelers to check with individual airports and airlines for specific COVID-19 guidelines, as they may vary. 

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Burundi Counting Votes in Presidential Election; Opposition Alleges Fraud

Burundi’s opposition leader Agathon Rwasa is claiming an early victory in the country’s first presidential election in five years.Longtime president Pierre Nkurunziza decided not to run again, giving voters a choice between his hand-picked would-be successor – Secretary-General Evariste Ndayishimiye – Rwasa and five others.Voters were also choosing a national legislature and local leaders.Wednesday’s voting was generally trouble-free – compared with the 2015 vote, when election-related violence killed about 1,200 people – although some observers noted that few voters waiting in lines to cast their ballots were heeding calls for social distancing because of the coronavirus.The National Independent Electoral Commission is telling people to be patient, saying official results will not be ready until at least Monday. Ballots from 3,800 polling places need to be collected, taken to local election headquarters and counted.But Rwasa told VOA’s Central African service that polling officers from his National Council for Liberty (CNL) party said he is winning.“The trend is that CNL is leading in presidential, parliamentary and even in communal elections in general,” Rwasa said.But commission chairman Pierre-Claver Kazihise said “the intermediate figures from polling stations do not show anything. It is the official results declared after the count at the commune level that must be communicated to the people.Rwasa told VOA that Wednesday was a “great day” for Burundi, but he accused the ruling party of “mischief” and holding the election in an atmosphere of fear and intimidation.“Police and the security officers were given specific orders which were meant to target mostly people from the opposition,” he said. “Many representatives of our party in the polling stations were arrested and put in custody and were hurriedly sentenced. We also have other many cases where people were expelled from polling offices and even beaten harshly by Imbonerakure (the ruling party’s youth league) and some policemen.”Although he is making an early claim of victory, Rwasa alleged the elections “were not free, they weren’t fair, and they weren’t that transparent.”A public security ministry spokesman has accused the CNL of election fraud; there have not been any independent reports of widespread voting irregularities or violence.The opposition boycotted the 2015 election that turned bloody after President Nkurunziza won a third term.Burundi is split between the Hutu majority and Tutsi minority. Human rights observers accuse the government of countless abuses, which it denies. 

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China, Vietnam Top Virus Response Survey, But for Different Reasons

Citizens around the globe mostly gave their respective governments a poor report card on their handling the coronavirus, according to a recent poll. China and Vietnam were the best-performing nations — though not for the same reasons — given their divergent experiences with the pandemic.
 
Only seven of 23 nations in a public opinion poll by Blackbox Research and Toluna scored at least 50 out of 100 on handling the virus, which has “dented western psyches” and expectations of national preparedness, Blackbox said.
 
China topped the list with a score of 86, followed by Vietnam with 77. All of the top 10 are in Asia, except the United Arab Emirates and New Zealand. In explaining Asia’s success compared with the west, Johns Hopkins professor Kent Calder has cited a mix of fast and experienced technical responses, as well as civil liberties restrictions.
 
What China and Vietnam both have in common is they started acting on COVID-19 before most others and had experience with past epidemics that afforded them technical and intellectual capacity. They also are one-party states that surveil and censor. They each earned different reputations, however, for transparency in the responses, so their citizens’ high approval ratings require different explanations.
 
While China and the U.S. are blaming each other for COVID-19, Vietnam has been treating patients early, testing and using contact tracing, restricting mobility and using data to make decisions.
 
“Vietnamese authorities have reacted immediately, decisively, and with a degree of severity,” Australian Strategic Policy Institute senior analyst Huong Le Thu wrote for the Council on Foreign Relations blog.
 
She said the country’s zero deaths and low infection rate “strengthened Vietnam’s international positioning and reputation, and boosted public confidence in the government.”
 
Kashif Ansari, CEO of IQI Global Group, a property consulting firm, called Vietnam a “safe haven” in the region.  
 
“It is no surprise that the Vietnamese feel their country has responded well,” he said of the public opinion poll.
 
Skeptics ask if Vietnam’s success is aided by underreporting of cases, a network of security officials, and limits on new and old media. But academics Trang Nguyen and Edmund Malesky argue that focusing on authoritarianism misses the Southeast Asian nation’s “steady improvements in health care, information access, and corruption control.”
 
They say Vietnam spent decades making local government more responsive and professional, which enabled coordination between central and provincial officials amid COVID-19. The government has taken steps to better transparency, for instance, by posting details of all virus cases online and explaining why it didn’t count one fatality from liver failure as a COVID-19 death.
 
“Vietnam’s online network of activists, while still critical of privacy violations and the lack of freedom of speech, has not raised the alarm on widespread fatalities or coverups,” Nguyen and Malesky wrote in a Brookings analysis. “Thus, while under-counting is possible, public disclosures open space for discussion and allow for corrections if needed.”  
 
Although Vietnam controls domestic newspapers and the internet, public opinion is based on greater access to information than is available in China. Beijing’s Great Firewall includes bans on Facebook, Google, and other sources of information that remain available in Vietnam. Unlike its smaller neighbor, China expelled major foreign newspapers in March amid the COVID-19 chaos. The restrictions decrease the odds of foreign criticism reaching Chinese citizens.
 
Of the public opinion survey, David Black, Blackbox founder, says, “The Chinese are exceptionally satisfied, which could be attributed to how they are already in their post-COVID-19 recovery phase.”  
 
As for nations that fared worse, he said, the poll shows “major cracks in self-belief across the western world.” Surveyed citizens in places like the U.S., France and Japan tended to say their leaders reacted too slowly or that they were surprised their governments weren’t prepared for a health crisis.  
 
Western nations can draw lessons from Asia, Calder said in an interview with his university’s news center, the Hub. Lessons include greater contingency planning for crises like the pandemic, possibly including strategic storage of medical supplies and simplified supply chains.   

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Hong Kong Bans Annual Tiananmen March, Citing COVID Concerns

Hong Kong has prohibited a planned annual march to mourn the victims of the 1989 Tiananmen Square crackdown and effectively banned a candlelit annual vigil that has taken place without interruption for 30 years, the organizer said Thursday.The Hong Kong police banned a march and two rallies that were to take place on May 31, citing the risk of COVID-19 infection, said Richard Tsoi, spokesman for the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China. The government has also effectively banned the vigil for the Tiananmen Square massacre, which has taken place annually since 1990 and been attended by tens of thousands, sometimes more than 100,000, people.  Tsoi said while police have yet to formally respond to an application for the annual vigil, to be held in Victoria Park, they were not optimistic.Tsoi expressed his group’s dissatisfaction with the government’s decision.“I can’t believe there had been no political considerations in killing these protest events,” he told VOA, adding that social distancing measures have eased for many other gatherings.  After many days without local transmissions of COVID-19, the authorities have in recent weeks announced the easing of some restrictions, including allowing restaurants, bars and many public facilities including swimming pools and libraries to reopen, but not sports grounds.  Saunas, party venues, nightclubs and karaoke bars will reopen May 28 while students from upper forms at high schools can return to their classrooms starting May 27.Hong Kong’s secretary for food and health, Sophia Chan, told reporters Tuesday authorities had extended social distancing measures for 14 days, limiting gatherings to eight until June 4, which is the crackdown anniversary.  The restrictions, implemented to prevent the spread of COVID-19, were to expire Thursday.The extension means the annual June 4 vigil led by pro-democracy groups can’t be held at the massive lawn and football grounds at downtown Victoria Park for the first time in three decades but officials dismissed allegations that political considerations were involved. Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam listens to reporter’s question during a press conference in Hong Kong, Tuesday, May 19, 2020.Hong Kong’s leader Carrie Lam said decisions on social distancing measures were purely based on the public health and safety and not political considerations.Critics have accused police and government authorities of using anti-epidemic laws to bar protests, which have been emerging amid increasing encroachments by Beijing.  Police have in past weeks broken up protests at shopping centers, treated protesters and journalists roughly and arrested dozens of people. Pro-democracy lawmaker Wu Chi-wai, the chairman of Democratic Party, said in a Legislative Council session Thursday that the coronavirus restrictions have become “a tool for the crackdown on the freedom of speech and assembly.”He said it was possible for protests and rallies to take place while respecting social distancing rules, but the police were using the pandemic as a pretext to stop demonstrations.    Lee Cheuk-yan, chairman of the Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China, said the Tiananmen vigil represented “a litmus test for one country, two systems.””We have to have a plan B,” Lee was quoted by Reuters as saying. “Instead of one point, we will do it everywhere, still with the powerful candlelight to condemn the massacre and mourn for those who died in 1989.”The actual number of deaths from the crackdown on the Tiananmen prodemocracy movement remains unknown as China has never provided a full accounting of the incident.The death toll given by officials days after the 1989 crackdown was about 300, most of them soldiers, with only 23 students confirmed killed. A secret diplomatic cable from then-British ambassador to Beijing, Alan Donald, dated June 5, 1989, and released in  2017, said the Chinese army killed at least 10,000 people. This death toll is much higher than previously cited estimates, which ranged from hundreds to about 3,000. 

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Pentagon Rescinds Ban on COVID-Hospitalized Recruits

The Pentagon has rescinded a recruiting policy that banned anyone who was hospitalized because of COVID-19 from joining the military without a waiver, a top official said Thursday. Matthew Donovan, the undersecretary of defense for personnel and readiness, told reporters Thursday that he had nixed the interim policy guidance and that the military had returned to its previous guidelines for military recruits. He said COVID-19 cases would be processed on a case-by-case basis, going through the infectious disease history of each individual recruit and then relying on the attending physician to determine if the recruitment candidate meets the military’s accession standards. In this image provided by the U.S. Army, recent Army basic combat training graduates have their temperatures taken as they arrive at Fort Lee, Va, on March 31, 2020, after being transported using sterilized buses from Fort Jackson, S.C.Chief Pentagon spokesman Jonathan Hoffman told reporters the military would look at COVID-19 hospitalizations as it does underlying illnesses such as asthma, which is not an automatic disqualifier for joining the military. “Like any other disease, an underlying damage or illness or harm that results from that would have to be examined by a physician (to) make a determination whether they can meet the standards for the force,” Hoffman said. The previous guidance, revealed earlier this month, dictated that individuals who were hospitalized with COVID-19 were “medically disqualified for accession, subject to further review of hospitalization/comorbidity records, and waiver by a Service Medical Waiver Authority.” Military Entrance Processing Command (MEPCOM), which screens military applicants, said in a statement given to VOA on May 7 that patients who were hospitalized “may be contagious for a longer period than others” and “are likely to require evaluation for residual physical performance limitations (e.g., pulmonary and end-organ function) before medical qualification.”    Long-term health effects for this group “are unknown,” the command said, which is why a waiver review was required.  COVID-19 and current troops  COVID-19 hospitalizations still are “not immediate disqualifications” for current troops, according to a senior defense official. But those who are no longer able to perform their duties would need to undergo a medical board process that could lead to a change in military specialization or a discontinuation of service.  “This is similar to what’s done with any illness or injury obtained while in the military,” the senior official told VOA earlier this month.  

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As Lockdowns Ease, Europe Looks to Boost Summer Tourism

The coronavirus crisis has slammed one of the world’s top tourist destinations — Europe — upending the region’s cherished summer holidays and leaving its multibillion-dollar tourism industry struggling to survive. The European Union hopes to at least boost tourism within the bloc, as another mark of EU unity. But as Lisa Bryant reports for VOA from Paris, translating that goal into reality won’t be so easy.Camera: Lisa Bryant 
 

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As Deaths Soar, Doubts Grow Over Sweden’s Exceptional COVID-19 Response  

As much of Europe remains under a strict lockdown amid the coronavirus pandemic, Sweden has stood out in taking a very different approach.  The government has refused to impose strict new lockdown laws, and its people have been allowed to work and travel.    In the early days of the pandemic, it seemed that Sweden may have gotten things right, as the outbreak tore through Italy, Spain, France and Britain. However, infection rates are increasing rapidly, and there have been close to 4,000 deaths, prompting growing nervousness in the country. Unlike other cities across Europe, the streets of Stockholm have remained busy, as shops, cafés, restaurants and nightclubs have stayed open, along with primary schools and most services such hairdressing.  The government has asked citizens to take individual responsibility for social distancing, while people over 70 and anyone feeling ill are asked to stay home.  State epidemiologist Anders Tegnell of the Public Health Agency of Sweden speaks during a news conference on a daily update on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation, in Stockholm, Sweden, May 15, 2020.The theory behind Sweden’s approach is sustainability, says the government’s chief epidemiologist Anders Tegnell, who has become something of a popular cult figure among many Swedes through his numerous television appearances.   “I think the Swedish strategy has proven to be sustainable,” he said. “I mean, we get figures now that people are actually increasing their adherence to our advice, not decreasing. It is very difficult to stop having very strict measures. I mean, that’s the signals we get from all of these countries. It’s very difficult to stop a lockdown.”  Opinion is divided on whether Sweden’s unusual approach is working. Scott Rosenstein, director of the global health program at the Eurasia Group, said the trajectory of deaths and infections suggests the government has made mistakes.  “Ultimately, the death toll in Sweden right now is the highest per capita in Europe as of this week. And the experience of their neighbors hasn’t been as severe. So, I think if you look at Denmark, which has taken a very different approach — a very strong lockdown early — they really got out in front of their outbreak. They have been testing significantly more than Sweden. They’ve been able to relieve a lot of their social distancing quicker,” Rosenstein told VOA.  Paramedics clean and disinfect an ambulance after dropping a patient at the Intensive Care Unit at Danderyd Hospital near Stockholm on May 13, 2020, during the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic.Almost half of Sweden’s deaths have occurred in care homes. Outside Sweden’s Parliament, victims’ relatives have made a memorial to loved ones who they say died “without help.” “Why didn’t they protect the citizens by closing the borders, by protecting the people against the epidemic?” asked Mirrey Gourie, who set up the memorial after losing her father to COVID-19. Ultimately, it is too early to tell who has gotten it right, argues Dr. Peter Drobac, a global health analyst at Britain’s Oxford University.  “We’re relying on some historical experience, some modeling. But to an extent, all countries are kind of experimenting with different methods of safely opening up. And I think we have to be very careful in trying to learn from one another.”   The economic damage in Sweden could be less severe than in other European states, but the human toll may far exceed neighboring countries. The debate over such trade-offs will likely intensify as the pandemic continues to take lives. 

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US Won’t Close Again if Hit by 2nd Coronavirus Wave, Trump Says

U.S. President Donald Trump on Thursday placed more pressure on states to reopen for business despite continuing concerns about the coronavirus.”I don’t think people are going to stand for it” in states that do not resume normal activities quickly, the president told reporters as he toured a Michigan automotive plant repurposed to produce ventilators for COVID-19 patients.All 50 states have announced plans to reopen at least partially following shutdowns that have crippled the American economy.If there is a second wave of the coronavirus, “we’re not closing our country,” Trump vowed.In a speech to the workers at Ford Motor Co.’s Rawsonville Components Plant, the president said, “a permanent lockdown is not a strategy for a healthy state or a healthy country.”The country is poised “for an epic comeback,” the president said.People listen as President Donald Trump speaks at Ford’s Rawsonville Components Plant that has been converted to making personal protection and medical equipment, in Ypsilanti, Mich., May 21, 2020.In the past nine weeks, 38.6 million Americans have applied for jobless benefits.Earlier at the Ford plant in Ypsilanti, during what was billed as a “listening session” with African American leaders, the president said, “We got to get our churches open, we got to get our country open.” Trump, who said he had seen video of congregants trying to break into their own churches so that they could worship, added that he had spoken with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention about guidance on churches.”I said you better put it out and they’re doing it, and they’re going to be issuing something today or tomorrow, and churches are going to get our churches open,” Trump said.On his tour of the plant, the president was accompanied by the automaker’s top officials, including Executive Chairman Bill Ford. All wore both masks and goggles.U.S. President Donald Trump holds a protective face mask with a presidential seal on it that he said he had been wearing earlier in his tour at the Ford Rawsonville Components Plant in Ypsilanti, Michigan, May 21, 2020.The president said he briefly wore a mask and goggles in the factory, but “I didn’t want to give the press the pleasure of seeing it.”He displayed a navy blue mask with the presidential seal and said that because he was about to give a speech, he did not want to continue keeping it over his mouth.”Face masks are required to be worn by everyone, in all facilities, at all times,” the company had said in a statement before the president’s visit.The company subsequently issued a statement saying that “Bill Ford encouraged President Trump to wear a mask when he arrived. He wore a mask during a private viewing of three Ford GTs from over the years. The president later removed the mask for the remainder of the visit.”During remarks to plant workers, the president called for pharmaceuticals and medical supplies to be produced domestically, again blaming the pandemic on China.”We’re bringing our medicines back,” Trump said. “We cannot rely on foreign nations to take care of us, especially in times of difficulty.”According to the White House, the public-private partnership developed by Trump’s administration “has produced 12 billion gloves, 130+ million N95 masks, half a billion surgical masks, nearly 18 million face shields, and made the United States ‘King of Ventilators.’ “From left, White House press secretary Kayleigh McEnany, HUD Secretary Ben Carson, White House chief of staff Mark Meadows and White House senior adviser Jared Kushner tour Ford’s Rawsonville Components Plant in Ypsilanti, Mich., May 21, 2020.The president also said Thursday that despite the coronavirus pandemic, plans are under way for the United States to host a Group of Seven leaders summit next month.”If we do the G-7, when that all comes together, probably it will be in D.C. at the White House,” Trump told reporters before leaving for Michigan. “But there could be a piece of it at Camp David, which is nearby.”It is unclear if the six other leaders have agreed to attend what would certainly be a scaled-down summit. Such events usually include hundreds of accompanying officials and journalists.Trump, however, spoke of a “full G-7” and said details would be announced next week.The United States has the most reported COVID-19 cases of any country, more than 1.5 million, and about 94,000 deaths from the disease.

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Shooter Killed, 1 Sailor Hurt at Texas Naval Station

An armed person wounded a sailor at a Texas naval air station Thursday before being killed by security forces, officials said.The U.S. Navy said the security team “neutralized” an active shooter at the Naval Air Station-Corpus Christi about 6:15 a.m. Thursday. The shooter was shot and killed by security personnel, according to a U.S. official, who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss details about an ongoing investigation.One sailor assigned to the security team was injured but was in good condition, the Navy said.The injured Navy sailor was shot but was wearing body armor, said another U.S. official who spoke on condition of anonymity to provide information not yet made public.The FBI in Houston said it will lead the investigation. Neither investigators nor the Navy provided details on the shooter or a possible motive.Attorney General William Barr was briefed on the shooting, a Justice Department spokeswoman said.The facility was on lockdown for about five hours Thursday morning, but that was lifted shortly before noon. One gate remained closed.  The station had a similar lockdown last December. In another incident at the base last year, a man pleaded guilty to destruction of U.S. government property and possession of a stolen firearm for ramming his truck into a barricade at the Corpus Christi station.
 

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In Africa, Civil Rights vs. a Heavy-Handed Pandemic Response

Prompted by widespread reports of police beatings of protesters, heavy-handed enforcement of safe-distancing measures and other abuses, rights groups and academics are raising the alarm over what they see as a squeeze on  basic human rights in Africa’s fragile democracies. VOA’s Anita Powell reports from Johannesburg.Video: Zaheer Cassim
Producer: Jonathan Spier

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COVID-19 Diaries: Pandemic Postpones My Big, Traditional Sudanese Wedding

A typical wedding in Sudan has thousands of guests, and the celebration may continue for several long nights in some parts of the country.At a traditional wedding party, the groom wears a white outfit called a jalabiya and the bride wears a red traditional outfit called a toub with golden accessories. The ceremony, or jertig, is based on clothing and traditions that have been traced to Nubian pharaohs. The night is a time for tribal dances and celebrations.These weddings are my favorite days, so when my boyfriend proposed to me, my family and friends expected nothing less. My engagement party, for instance, had 300 guests.But the coronavirus pandemic has put a stop to large gatherings, disrupting our plans for a March wedding. I not only had to cancel all of our bookings, I also moved out of my parents’ house so as not to put them at risk from the virus.So now I’m alone and trying to figure out the next step.Smaller gatheringsSince the pandemic began, some of my friends have held small weddings and complied with all the health recommendations for social distancing. None of them had more than 20 guests.But I am the first of my parents’ children to marry, and they want a big celebration.We haven’t decided on a date because it’s not possible to book a venue for the wedding until the lockdown ends. But there is a strong feeling that even when the restrictions are lifted, the virus will still be a threat.As a result, the government is considering a new law that would prohibit the use of large halls for wedding celebrations for one year.So we’ll have to decide when and how to hold our wedding without putting those we care for in danger, even if the lockdown ends.COVID-19 has not only altered our daily lives; it may also force us to change our traditions, including my wedding.

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US to Exit International Military Surveillance Treaty 

President Donald Trump said Thursday he is pulling the United States out of the 18-year-old international Open Skies treaty allowing surveillance flights over other countries because Russia has been violating it. The U.S. began notifying the other 33 signatories to the accord that it was giving the required six months’ notice to leave. President Donald Trump listens during a meeting in the State Dining Room of the White House, May 18, 2020, in Washington.At the White House, Trump accused Moscow of ignoring terms of the treaty. Consequently, Trump told reporters, “We’re not going to adhere to it either,” although he held out hope that some new agreement might be reached. The treaty has allowed the 34 countries to conduct surveillance flights over each other’s territory to look at military installations, an effort aimed at international peacekeeping. But the U.S. contends that Moscow has been violating the treaty by blocking it from conducting flights over the Baltic Sea city of Kaliningrad and Russia’s southern border near Georgia, both of which are permitted by the agreement. U.S. Defense Secretary Mark Esper told the Senate Armed Services Committee in March that Russia has been “cheating for many years.” Russia has denied violating the treaty. The Open Skies withdrawal is Trump’s latest move during his three-and-a-half-year presidency to remove the U.S. from international agreements enacted by previous presidents that he considers unfair to American interests.  Last year, Washington withdrew from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty with Russia, and earlier had abandoned the international Paris climate control accord, a trade treaty with Pacific Rim nations and a deal with Iran to restrain its development of nuclear weapons. The concept of the Open Skies treaty was first advanced in the decade after the end of World War Two by President Dwight Eisenhower. The Soviet Union balked at the idea at the time, but the U.S. again pushed for a pact in 1989 under President George H.W. Bush. It was finally adopted by the required 20 countries in January 2002. 

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COVID-19 Stress Fuels Spike in Australia Family Violence

Researchers say stress and alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to increase rates of family violence in Australia.  Research has found that a fifth of Australians have bought more alcohol than usual during lockdowns. Of those, 70% are drinking more. Health campaigns are urging Australians not to turn to alcohol because of concerns about the coronavirus.“None of us could ever imagine finding ourself in this situation, so it is OK to feel stressed, it is OK to feel anxious and a little bit uncertain.  But we just need to be careful that we are not using alcohol to try to cover all of that up.”  Recent research, though, shows that 20% of Australian households have bought more alcohol than usual during the crisis.  Caterina Giorgi is the chief executive of Australia’s Foundation for Alcohol Research and Education.“We found that 1 in 5 households are purchasing more alcohol, and when we looked at these households, we found that 70% are drinking more and that a third are worried about their drinking or the drinking of someone in their household,” said Giorgi. “We also found that these people are drinking earlier in the day and they are more likely to drink daily, and that contributes to larger problems down the track, including alcohol dependence and alcohol-fueled chronic diseases like cancer.” There are likely to be other more sinister consequences, too.  Australian courts have heard more cases of domestic violence, and paramedics are responding to more emergency calls.  The police have conducted dozens of random checks on known offenders and victims.  In the Northern Territory, doctors have reported a 15% increase in the number of people requiring surgery due to family violence.  Collated national figures are not yet available, but Nicole Lee, a professor at Curtin University’s National Drug Research Institute, believes rates of domestic abuse will increase.“Alcohol consumption has got quite a complex relationship with family violence, but while we don’t have any data about the rates of family violence during lockdown, I expect that we would see an increase in family violence,” said Lee. “That is especially likely because [of] increased stress in the household and increases in unemployment.” More funding is being given to crisis support services for victims of violence in the home.  Australia’s alcohol industry denies the survey findings.  It says overall Australian beer, wine and spirits consumption is lower than it was a year ago because of pandemic-related closures of pubs, bars and restaurants. 

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Venice Reopens Gradually as It Recovers From COVID Impact

Italy’s most popular tourist destination, Venice, is beginning its slow process to a return to normality. The city’s beautiful canals and palazzos have seen no visitors now for over two months so it faces enormous challenges when it comes to recovering economically. But the coronavirus lockdown appears to have had a positive effect on the environment, as Sabina Castelfranco reports from Venice.
Camera: Mark Brewer

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