Trump Promises to ‘Win’ Fight Against Opioid Abuse in US

President Donald Trump vowed Tuesday that the U.S. would “win” the battle against the heroin and opioid plague, but he stopped short of declaring a national emergency as his handpicked commission had recommended.

Trump spoke at an event he had billed as a “major briefing” on the opioid crisis during a two-week “working vacation” at his private golf club in New Jersey. Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price, senior counselor Kellyanne Conway, senior adviser Jared Kushner and first lady Melania Trump were among the attendees.

“The best way to prevent drug addiction and overdose is to prevent people from abusing drugs in the first place,” the president said at his golf club in Bedminster. “I’m confident that by working with our health care and law enforcement experts, we will fight this deadly epidemic and the United States will win.”

He said federal drug prosecutions had dropped but promised he would “be bringing them up rapidly.”

Last week, the presidential opioid commission, chaired by New Jersey Governor Chris Christie, urged Trump to “declare a national emergency” and noted that “America is enduring a death toll equal to September 11th every three weeks.”

It recommended, among other things, expanding treatment facilities across the country, educating and equipping doctors about the proper way to prescribe pain medication, and equipping all police officers with the anti-overdose remedy Naloxone.

Trump did not address any of the recommendations. Instead, the president repeated that his administration was “very, very tough on the Southern border, where much of this comes in.”

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, opioids were involved in more than 33,000 U.S. deaths in 2015, the latest year for which data are available, and estimates show the death rate has continued rising.

But a new University of Virginia study released Monday concluded the mortality rates were 24 percent higher for opioids and 22 percent higher for heroin than had been previously reported.

Some information for this report came from AP.

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Trump Warns of ‘Fire and Fury’ for N. Korea if Threats Don’t Stop

U.S. President Donald Trump on Tuesday issued a stark warning to North Korea, saying if Pyongyang continued its threats against the United States, “they will be met with fire and fury like the world has never seen.”

Trump told reporters North Korean leader’s Kim Jong Un had been acting in a “very threatening” manner since the U.S. increased its sanctions against the reclusive communist state and won a unanimous vote by the U.N. Security Council to impose penalties on Pyongyang.

Speaking at his golf club in New Jersey, where he has been on a working vacation, Trump repeated his warning that Kim risked bringing down on his impoverished country “fire, fury and, frankly, power the likes of which the world has never seen before.”

DIA conclusion

Earlier Tuesday, U.S. media outlets reported the U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency had concluded that North Korea recently succeeded in building a miniaturized nuclear warhead, small enough to fit in the intercontinental ballistic missiles Pyongyang recently has test-fired.

North Korea responded quickly to Trump. In a statement issued early Wednesday in Asia, the North’s Korean Central News Agency said the armed forces were “carefully examining” a plan for missile strikes on the U.S. Pacific territory of Guam and the American military bases there.

A spokesman for North Korea’s army was quoted as saying the strike plan would be “put into practice in a multi-current and consecutive way any moment,” once Kim had made a decision.

WATCH: Trump Says Pyongyang ‘Best Not Make Any More Threats’

The North has threatened nuclear war with the United States in the past in response to U.N. sanctions over its nuclear tests.

Trump’s forceful language Tuesday, and Pyongyang’s vociferous response, revived concerns about renewed war on the Korean Peninsula, where three years of combat in the early 1950s ended in stalemate.

“What the last 60 years, since the Korean War ended in an armistice, has shown is that a war of words does not translate into real war,” said Balbina Hwang, a Georgetown University adjunct assistant professor. “The increase in rhetoric does raise existing tensions, but it does not translate into a shift of U.S. policy or strategy on North Korea.”

Jon Wolfsthal,  who was a National Security Council official in former President Barack Obama’s administration, warned in a tweet late Tuesday: “We are closer to nuclear use now than at any time since the Cuban missile crisis. We need the president to stabilize, not disrupt.”

“I think a number of observers’ fear on this issue, and on a number of issues in this administration, is that perhaps there wasn’t a careful consideration of the words of our commander in chief in this instance,” said David Pressman, a former deputy U.S. ambassador to the United Nations. “If ever there was a topic on which we need to be extremely precise, it’s nuclear proliferation, when dealing with someone who is as unpredictable as Kim Jong Un.”

It is not known whether North Korea has tested a smaller nuclear warhead, although it said last year that it had. After one successful long-range missile test in July, state media declared North Korea as a “proud nuclear state” with an ICBM “that can now target anywhere in the world.”

Media reports on Tuesday that referenced the DIA report said U.S. analysts had concluded that Pyongyang has amassed 60 nuclear weapons, although some experts think the number is smaller, perhaps only half as many.

“The U.S. government has not been able to have reliable, confirmable, accurate intelligence about North Korean military assets for decades, so it’s all speculation,” Hwang, a former U.S. State Department adviser on North Korea, told VOA. “It could possibly be true, or not necessarily accurate.”

The United States concluded early last year that Pyongyang was struggling to build intercontinental ballistic missiles, but that it would eventually be able to produce them and have nuclear-armed rockets capable of targeting all adversaries. ((www.voanews.com/a/north-korea-struggling-determined-intercontinental-ballistic-missiles/3292629.html ))

The DIA’s finding came as the United States and other world powers focused new attention on North Korea’s military ambitions. The Security Council’s 15-0 vote Saturday on new sanctions was seen as an effort to cut back Pyongyang’s export income by one-third — from $3 billion to $2 billion per year.

Trump commended the international community Tuesday for its decision to confront North Korea over its nuclear weapons development, although the U.S. ambassador to the U.N., Nikki Haley, said she was skeptical that Pyongyang would be deterred by the latest sanctions.

Trump said on Twitter: “After many years of failure, countries are coming together to finally address the dangers posed by North Korea. We must be tough & decisive!”

However, U.S. Representative Eliot Engel of New York, the top Democrat on the House Foreign Affairs Committee, said Trump had pushed too far with his “fire and fury” comment.

“President Trump has again undermined American credibility by drawing an absurd red line,” Engel said. “North Korea is a real threat, but the president’s unhinged reaction suggests he might consider using American nuclear weapons in response to a nasty comment from a North Korean despot.”

Haley told a television interviewer on NBC’s Today program that the new sanctions would “send a very strong message,” but that they were not “going to stop our North Korea problem.”

Pyongyang has described the U.N. sanctions resolution as a “flagrant infringement” of its sovereignty. A North Korean envoy told an Asian security conference in Manila that it would never bargain away its nuclear weapons or missile development programs.

VOA’s U.N. correspondent Margaret Besheer contributed to this report.

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NATO Criticizes Putin Visit to Breakaway Georgian Region

NATO is sharply criticizing Russian President Vladimir Putin’s visit to the breakaway Georgian region of Abkhazia on Tuesday — the ninth anniversary of the brief war over another renegade Georgian territory.

NATO spokesman Dylan White calls Putin’s visit “detrimental to international efforts to find a peaceful negotiated settlement.”

White said “NATO is united in full support for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Georgia within its internationally-recognized borders.”

Putin met with Abkhazia’s leader Raul Khadzhimba, reaffirming Moscow’s guarantee to protect what Putin calls Abkhazia’s “security, self-sufficiency and independence.”

Georgia’s foreign ministry condemned what it says is Putin’s cynicism, as well as Russian aggression and provocation against Georgia.

Russia recognized Abkhazia as an independent state shortly after Russian forces invaded Georgia over another breakaway region, South Ossetia, on Aug. 8, 2008.

Russia says the invasion was necessary to protect pro-Russian civilians. But critics say the Kremlin was sending a strong message to Georgia not to lean too far to the West.

Only Russia, Nicaragua, Venezuela and the tiny Pacific island nation of Nauru recognize Abkhazia and South Ossetia as independent countries. Both survive mainly because of Russian financial and military backing.

Some Georgians accuse Russia of all but annexing Georgian territory through the two breakaway regions.

U.S. Vice President Mike Pence visited the Georgian capital of Tbilisi last week to reaffirm U.S. support and criticize Russian military presence on Georgian territory.

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Democrats Want to Know More About Federal Payments to Trump Businesses

As President Donald Trump spends much of August at his New Jersey golf club, Democratic lawmakers are making a new push for information about how much money the federal government is spending at his for-profit properties.

Democrats on the House Oversight Committee on Tuesday asked departments to hand over information about their Trump-related spending by August 25.

“The American people deserve to know how their tax dollars are spent, including the amount of federal funds that are being provided to private businesses owned by the president and the purposes of these expenditures,” reads the lawmakers’ letter to Elaine Duke, the acting secretary of the Department of Homeland Security. The lawmakers sent similar requests to all Cabinet secretaries.

Their request seeks documents about any payments the departments made to the Trump Organization or any business in which the Trump Organization has an ownership stake.

48 visits

Trump hasn’t shied away from his homes away from the White House. He’s visited his own properties 48 times since his inauguration, including a dozen overnight stays such as the one he’s on now, according to an Associated Press tally.

He’s planning an excursion to New York City next week, raising the possibility he’ll stop by Trump Tower, where he lived for decades until moving into the White House.

Most presidents have maintained and visited their personal homes while in office. Think George W. Bush’s Crawford, Texas, ranch and Barack Obama’s Chicago house.

The difference with Trump is that his residences are part of his business empire. That means when the Defense and Homeland Security departments spend money to move and protect the president around his own properties, some taxpayer money makes its way into Trump Organization coffers.

Trump turned over company leadership to his adult sons and a senior business executive, but he did not divest as previous presidents have done. The trust in which he placed his business assets includes a clause that he can draw down money at any time.

Trump Tower rentals

The Democrats’ letter cites reports about the State Department booking rooms at a new Trump hotel in Vancouver, British Columbia, where his adult sons were on site for the grand opening, and the Defense and Homeland Security departments renting space at Trump Tower, where first lady Melania Trump and the couple’s 11-year-old son lived until the end of the school year.

“President Trump also makes frequent trips to properties he owns, and these trips may result in U.S. taxpayers’ money flowing into President Trump’s pockets,” the letter to Duke reads.

The new effort is one of many to understand how much money the Trump-led government is spending on businesses that he still owns. The Government Accountability Office is undertaking the most comprehensive study.

The office agreed to a congressional request earlier this year to analyze all government spending involved in several weekend trips Trump made to his Mar-a-Lago resort in Florida.

A GAO spokesman said Tuesday that there was no estimate yet for when that report would be ready.

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Q&A: Why Some Countries Are Trying to Muzzle Al-Jazeera

The Al-Jazeera global news network has once again become the subject of the news.

The Israeli government called this week for the Qatar-based network’s Jerusalem bureau to be closed, its journalists’ press credentials revoked and its transmission blocked.

The move follows a decision by Saudi Arabia and Jordan to shutter the network’s local offices. Its websites and channels were also blocked in Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain. Egypt has banned Al-Jazeera since 2013, when the military there took power.

These countries accuse Al-Jazeera of inciting violence. Al-Jazeera says the moves are an attempt by governments to suppress freedom of expression.

Here’s a look at what’s at play.

What’s Al-Jazeera story?

Al-Jazeera is based in Qatar and has grown to become one of the most widely seen Arabic news channels in the world. The network says its channels reach 100 countries and 310 million homes worldwide.

Since its inception in 1996, the station has been one of the few to present views that contrast with traditional, state-censored Arabic press. It was the first Arab-owned news outlet to host Israeli officials and commentators, which some analysts note coincided with Qatar’s ties with Israel at the time.

While Al-Jazeera maintains that it operates independently of the Qatari government, critics say its coverage reflects Qatar’s foreign policy.

Al-Jazeera has said the measures to close it in Saudi Arabia are unjustified, and that Israel’s accusations of unfair coverage are “odd” and unsubstantiated.

Why is Al-Jazeera being targeted?

In early June, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Egypt and Bahrain launched a diplomatic assault on Qatar, cutting diplomatic and transport links with the small, energy-rich Gulf country due to its foreign policy. They also took aim at Al-Jazeera and other Qatari-funded media outlets for allegedly seditious and provocative coverage.

The four countries accuse Qatar of backing terror groups and want it to curb its ties with Iran. They also accuse Qatar of backing the Muslim Brotherhood group and its offshoots, which Egypt and UAE see as a top threat.

Qatar says the measures against it are politically motivated and an attempt to strong-arm Qatar into falling in lockstep with Saudi Arabia.

Israeli officials – seeing an opportunity in the Arab quartet’s blockade of Al-Jazeera – criticized the station’s coverage of renewed tensions at the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem and accused it of presenting unprofessional journalism before proposing to block it altogether.

What is Qatar’s role?

Al-Jazeera and Qatar have been intertwined since it was launched in 1996 with financial backing from the ruling emir at the time, Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani.

Throughout its existence, the station has received funding from Qatari’s leadership. Its chairman is a member of Qatar’s ruling Al Thani family.

The network generates some revenue from advertisers, though details of its finances and ownership are not made publicly available as it is not a listed company.

Qatari Foreign Minister Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani has outright rejected demands the country shut down Al-Jazeera. He told The Associated Press in June that Qatar’s foreign policy does not dictate Al-Jazeera’s coverage.

How will Al-Jazeera be affected?

Even before this diplomatic spat, the network was shrinking some of its global operations after years of ambitious expansion. It has laid off hundreds of employees in recent years and now has some 4,000 staff worldwide. The network in 2016 pulled the plug on its Al-Jazeera America channel less than three years after its launch to compete with U.S. cable news broadcasters.

It’s unclear how effective the bans will be in keeping Al-Jazeera from reaching its viewers. Across the region and in Israel, many Arab citizens watch Al-Jazeera through private satellite dishes rather than traditional cable transmission. The channels also livestream on YouTube.

What is Al-Jazeera’s coverage like?

American viewers became familiar with Al-Jazeera after the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, when its golden-hued Arabic logo became synonymous with video messages by America’s then-most wanted terrorist, Osama bin Laden. The channel aired the messages it received, sparking frequent complaints by then-President George W. Bush’s White House. The station defended its policy, saying the messages were newsworthy.

Critics say in past years, Al-Jazeera – particularly its flagship Arabic channel – has reflected Qatari policy by promoting Islamist movements. Many of the region’s Arab rulers, particularly in Egypt and the UAE, see the Muslim Brotherhood group and its offshoots as a top threat.

Israel has long been irked by Al-Jazeera’s coverage of the conflict there. During past wars in the Gaza Strip, Al-Jazeera has carried unflinchingly raw images of Palestinian women and children killed by Israeli airstrikes. Its reporters refer to Israel as an occupying force and to east Jerusalem as Occupied Jerusalem.

However, Al-Jazeera’s English and Arabic channels, as well as its news websites and its popular online AJ+ videos, do not mirror one another in style and target different audiences.

What are others saying?

Reporters Without Borders says Al-Jazeera has become a “collateral victim” in the diplomatic offensive against Qatar. The group says closing the station’s bureaus is a political decision that amounts to censorship of a TV broadcaster.

The Committee to Protect Journalists has criticized Israel’s moves against Al-Jazeera. The CPJ said closing Al-Jazeera’s offices “would put Israel firmly in the camp of some of the region’s worst enemies of press freedom.” It called on Israel to allow all journalists to report freely from the country and areas it occupies.

Rights group Amnesty International says moves to censor Al-Jazeera are “a brazen attack on media freedom” and “sends a chilling message that the Israeli authorities will not tolerate critical coverage.”

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Trump Administration Sides with Ohio on Purging Voter Rolls

The Trump administration has reversed an Obama administration stance and will support Ohio in its bid at the U.S. Supreme Court to revive a state policy of purging people from voter-registration lists if they do not regularly cast ballots.

The Justice Department filed legal papers with the high court on Monday staking out the new position in the voting rights case, backing the Republican-led state’s policy to purge inactive voters.

Former President Barack Obama’s Justice Department had argued in a lower court that Ohio’s policy violated the 1993 National Voter Registration Act, which Congress passed to make it easier for Americans to register to vote.

Civil liberties advocates who challenged Ohio’s policy have said it illegally erased thousands of voters from registration rolls and can disproportionately impact minorities and poor people who tend to back Democratic candidates.

The state on Tuesday welcomed the administration’s action but voting rights advocates opposed it. The League of Women Voters accused the administration of “playing politics with our democracy and threatening the fundamental right to vote” by siding with an Ohio policy it said disenfranchises eligible voters.

“Our democracy is stronger when more people have access to the ballot box — not fewer,” the Democratic National Committee added.

The 6th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Cincinnati last year blocked Ohio’s policy, ruling that it ran afoul of the 1993 law. The state appealed to the Supreme Court, which agreed in May to hear the case.

The legal brief filed by the Justice Department said President Donald Trump’s administration had reconsidered the government’s stance and now supports Ohio.

The brief, signed by Acting U.S. Solicitor General Jeffrey Wall, argued that Ohio’s policy is sound because it does not immediately remove voters from the rolls for failing to vote, but only triggers an address-verification procedure.

The American Civil Liberties Union last year sued Ohio Republican Secretary of State Jon Husted over the policy. The lawsuit said the policy led to the removal of tens of thousands of people from the voter rolls in 2015.

Husted said in a statement he welcomed the federal government’s support, noting Ohio’s policy “has been in place for more than two decades and administered the same way by both Republican and Democrat secretaries of state.”

Under Ohio’s policy, if registered voters miss voting for two years, they are sent registration confirmation notices. If they do not respond and do not vote over the following four years, they are removed from the rolls. Ohio officials argue that canceling inactive voters helps keep voting rolls current, clearing out those who have moved away or died.

Democrats have accused Republicans of taking steps at the state level, including laws imposing new requirements on voters such as presenting certain types of government-issued identification, intended to suppress the vote of groups who generally favor Democratic candidates.

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History Unearthed as London’s Mail Rail Line Opens to Public

Deep below London’s bustling streets, a piece of once-vital communications technology will soon be roaring back into life after years of disuse — a train.

The train operates on the “mail rail” line — a 6.4-mile underground train track that once transported letters and parcels 70 feet below ground to and from sorting offices on the east and west sides of the city 22 hours each day.

The line, construction of which began in 1915, ceased operations in 2003. It will be opened to the public next month as a tourist attraction, part of the new Postal Museum in the city’s Clerkenwell district.

“Mail rail originally came about because mail was being delayed in London due to congestion in the streets above us,” Adrian Steel, director of the Postal Museum and mail rail, told Reuters.

Visitors can now ride a section of the old track in specially built trains, and explore an engineering depot turned exhibition space.

“One of the biggest jobs we’ve had is finding a way of taking people through these narrow tunnels that were never meant for people to pass through in a way that’s not completely uncomfortable or dangerous,” Steel said.

Apart from their role in delivering mail, the tunnels played a useful role during World War I and World War II.

Construction of the line was halted when war broke out and the space was instead used to store valuable artifacts, and was relied on heavily to avoid mail disruption during the blitz of World War II.

Aside from its unique history, another aspect of the mail rail line sets it apart from other London underground train lines — an absence of rats.

“It’s a rodent-free terminal and under London which is unusual,” Steel said. “Because there were no people on the trains, there is no food for the rats and mice.”

Rail mail at London’s Postal Museum opens to visitors on Sept. 4.

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Protection Concerns High in Aftermath of Mosul Battle

A senior U.N. official said Monday that civilians in Mosul, Iraq, remained at risk of revenge attacks from Islamic State militants.

Lise Grande, deputy special representative of the U.N. Assistance Mission for Iraq, said that while the fighting in the former IS stronghold was over, the humanitarian crisis was not. The problems resulting from the nine-month fight in Mosul — the single largest urban battle since World War II — are enormous and difficult to handle, she said.

Grande said many IS fighters and sympathizers of the militant group, also known as ISIL, tried to blend in with civilians fleeing western Mosul in the final stages of the battle. She told VOA the Iraqi army had carefully screened civilians for arms, making the screening mandatory for the men.

She added, however, that another layer of security screening had been imposed following a spate of deadly suicide bombings carried out by women leaving Mosul.

“My understanding is that the security forces are deeply concerned that in the areas where ISIL still has capability, that, yes, they are very concerned about suicide bombers,” Grande said. “In the case of Mosul right now, there have not been [bombings] for several weeks, but that does not mean that people are not worried about it.”  

Grande said another area of concern was revenge attacks by civilians and security forces against families associated with IS.

“For families who are outside of tribal protection mechanisms, you are really very, very, very vulnerable if you are alleged to have been associated with ISIL,” she said. “This is why we are in discussions with the government for special protection measures for them.”

For example, Grande said, voluntary camps could be established for those who choose to go, knowing that extra protection would be available. She said the Iraqi government was also considering other measures, with U.N. support, to try to stop this type of retaliation from occurring.

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In Croatia, Harvesting Salt the Centuries-old Way

Dozens of glistening pools in a small village on Croatia’s Adriatic coast stand testament to its annual salt harvests from seawater, which use a method largely unchanged for centuries.

The salt works facility in Ston, which says it is the oldest in Europe, consists of 58 pools and covers about 430,000 square meters where the waters of the Adriatic are allowed to seep in and then evaporate, leaving salt behind.

The first of two salt harvests this year kicked off on Tuesday, with around 35 tourists, friends and family of workers raking salt across the pans into gleaming white piles, before transferring to a nearby warehouse by wooden carts.

They expect to harvest some 200 tons of salt in the harvest, with most of it used for industrial purposes while the rest is sold in local markets for use in cooking.

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Lebanon’s Army Prepares to Clear Border Area of IS Militants

Lebanon’s U.S.-backed military is gearing up for a long-awaited assault to dislodge hundreds of Islamic State militants from a remote corner near Syrian border, seeking to end a years-long threat posed to neighboring towns and villages by the extremists.

The campaign will involve cooperation with the militant group Hezbollah and the Syrian army on the other side of the border — although Lebanese authorities insist they are not coordinating with Syrian President Bashar Assad’s government.

But the assault could prove costly for the under-equipped military and risk activating IS sleeper cells in the country.

The tiny Mediterranean nation has been spared the wars and chaos that engulfed several countries in the region since the so-called Arab Spring uprisings erupted in 2011. But it has not been able to evade threats to its security, including sectarian infighting and random car bombings, particularly in 2014, when militants linked to al-Qaida and IS overran the border region, kidnapping Lebanese soldiers.

The years-long presence of extremists in the border area has brought suffering to neighboring towns and villages, from shelling, to kidnappings of villagers for ransom. Car bombs made in the area and sent to other parts of the country, including the Lebanese capital, Beirut, have killed scores of citizens.

Aided directly by the United States and Britain, the army has accumulated steady successes against the militants in the past year, slowly clawing back territory, including strategic hills retaken in the past week. Authorities say it’s time for an all-out assault.

The planned operation follows a six-day military offensive by the Lebanese Shiite militant group Hezbollah that forced al-Qaida-linked fighters to flee the area on the outskirts of the town of Arsal, along with thousands of civilians.

In a clear distribution of roles, the army is now expected to launch the attack on IS. In the past few days, the army’s artillery shells and multiple rocket launchers have been pounding the mountainous areas on the Lebanon-Syria border where IS held positions, in preparation for the offensive. Drones could be heard around the clock and residents of the eastern Bekaa Valley reported seeing army reinforcements arriving daily in the northeastern district of Hermel to join the battle.

The offensive from the Lebanese side of the border will be carried out by the Lebanese army, while Syrian troops and Hezbollah fighters will be working to clear the Syrian side of IS militants. Hezbollah has been fighting alongside Assad’s forces since 2013.

On Tuesday, the army’s top brass conferred with President Michel Aoun, Prime Minister Saad Hariri and interior and defense ministers at the Presidential Palace to plan operations in the eastern Bekaa Valley.

The committee took the “necessary counsel and decisions to succeed in the military operations to eliminate the terrorists,” Maj. Gen. Saadallah Hamad said after the meeting.

Experts say more than 3,000 troops, including elite special forces, are in the northeastern corner of Lebanon to take part in the offensive. The army will likely use weapons it received from the United States, including Cessna aircraft that discharge Hellfire missiles.

Keen to support the army rather than the better equipped Iranian-backed Hezbollah, the U.S. and Britain have supplied the military with helicopters, anti-tank missiles, artillery and radars, as well as training. The American Embassy says the U.S. has provided Lebanon with over $1.4 billion in security assistance since 2005.

But the fight is not expected to be quick or easy.

According to Lebanon’s Interior Minister Nouhad Machnouk, there are about 400 IS fighters in the Lebanese area, and hundreds more on the Syrian side of the border.

“It is not going to be a picnic,” said Hisham Jaber, a retired army general who heads the Middle East Center for Studies and Political Research in Beirut. “The Lebanese army will try to carry out the mission with the least possible losses.”

Jaber said the battle may last several weeks. “It is a rugged area and the organization [IS] is well armed and experienced.”

There are also concerns the offensive may subject Lebanon to retaliatory attacks by militants, just as the country has started to enjoy a rebound in tourism.

A Lebanese security official said authorities are taking strict security measures to prevent any attack deep inside Lebanon by sleeper cells. The official, who spoke on condition of anonymity in line with regulations, said authorities have detained several IS militants over the past weeks.

Lebanese politicians say IS controls an area of about 296 square kilometers (114 square miles) between the two countries, of which 141 square kilometers (54.5 square miles) are in Lebanon.

The area stretches from the badlands of the Lebanese town of Arsal and Christian villages of Ras Baalbek and Qaa, to the outskirts of Syria’s Qalamoun region and parts of the western Syrian town of Qusair that Hezbollah captured in 2013.

In a televised speech last Friday, Hezbollah leader Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah said that once the Lebanese army launches its offensive from the Lebanese side, Hezbollah and the Syrian army will begin their attack from the Syrian side. He added that there has to be coordination between the Syrian and Lebanese armies in the battle.

“Opening two fronts at the same time will speed up victory and reduce losses,” Nasrallah said, adding that his fighters on the Lebanese side of the border are at the disposal of Lebanese troops if needed.

“I tell Daesh that the Lebanese and Syrians will attack you from all sides and you will not be able to resist and will be defeated,” he said, using an Arabic acronym for the extremist group.

“If you decide to fight, you will end up either a prisoner or dead,” Nasrallah added.

Some Lebanese politicians have been opposed to security coordination with the Syrian army. The Lebanese are sharply divided over Syria’s civil war that has spilled to the tiny country of 4.5 million people. Lebanon is hosting some 1.2 million Syrian refugees.

Hariri, the Lebanese prime minister, is opposed to Assad while his national unity Cabinet includes Hezbollah as well as other groups allied with the Syrian president.

Last week, Hariri told reporters that Lebanese authorities are ready to negotiate to discover the fate of nine Lebanese soldiers who were captured during the raid on Arsal by IS and al-Qaida fighters in August 2014. Unlike their rivals in al-Qaida, the Islamic State group is not known to negotiate prisoner exchanges.

“The presence of Daesh will end in Lebanon,” Hariri said, using the same Arabic acronym to refer to IS.

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US Rights Group Calls on Turkey for Action on Abductions

U.S.-based Human Rights Watch has called on the Turkish government to act following a spate of abductions.

In a letter to Justice Minister Abdulhamit Gul, the rights group called for an “urgent and effective investigation of the abduction and possible enforced disappearances of at least four men in Ankara since March 2017.”

“As far as we can tell, there has not been an effective investigation,” said Emma Sinclair-Webb, senior Turkey researcher for Human Rights Watch. “The cases we’ve looked at were people abducted in broad daylight in front of witnesses.

“There is a lot of evidence to investigate. We got security camera images in one recent case in June. A man was abducted in front of his 8-year-old son, as well as local shopkeepers, and there is no excuse not to investigate.”

Neither the government nor Justice Ministry has commented on the disappearances. Human Rights Watch said there were suspicions of state collusion. The abductees had all lost their jobs in a purge against followers of U.S.-based Turkish cleric Fethullah Gulen, who is blamed for a failed coup last year in Turkey. The circumstances of the abductions were similar, with all the people taken by masked men using a black Volkswagen transit van.

One of the four who disappeared, Onder Asan, subsequently turned up in police custody after his abductors held him for 42 days, during which he said he was tortured. The government has strongly rejected claims of torture and abuse.

Earlier this year, the government reduced from 30 days to seven the period during which a person can be held without charge, under the emergency rule introduced after the failed coup.

Longer interrogations

Human Rights Watch warned that the abductions could be an effort to circumvent the reform. “We are assuming that these people are being held to interrogate people for a longer period,” said Sinclair-Webb. She also said abductions are uniquely cruel and that the European Court of Human Rights ruled they were tantamount to torture of family members of those who disappeared.

While Human Rights Watch cited four cases and said it was investigating a fifth, it acknowledged the number was most likely higher, with local Turkish rights groups and opposition parties noting other ones.

The specter of people being dragged off the streets into unmarked cars evokes memories of one of Turkey’s darkest chapters. During the 1990s, at the height of war by the Turkish state against the Kurdish rebel group PKK, a period characterized by gross human rights violations, hundreds of activists and civilians disappeared at the hands of the security forces. Most either turned up dead several months later, their bodies usually showing signs of torture, or were subsequently discovered in mass graves years afterward. Many of those who went missing were last seen being taken away in white Renaults, used then by security forces. The car became synonymous with abductions.

When President Recep Tayyip Erdogan served as prime minister, his government had been in the forefront of ending torture. During his early years in power, groundbreaking investigations and trials were initiated against security members accused of being involved in the 1990s abductions. Human Rights Watch, however, pointed out there were only two convictions out of hundreds of cases.

The latest spate of abductions, while relatively few compared with the past, is adding to fears the country is sliding back to the past. “We’ve seen Turkey has a very notorious past in which people ‘were disappeared’ by the state,” Sinclair-Webb said. “We don’t want to see Turkey return to that pattern, so it’s very important Turkey stamps these [abductions] out.”

Kurds’ allegations

Concerns about Turkey going back to the past have been heightened by images on social media of people from Turkey’s predominantly Kurdish southeast showing signs of abuse alleged to have been carried out by security forces. The government denies the allegations.

Musa Citil stood trial in 2014 but was acquitted of kidnapping and killing 13 Kurdish villagers during the 1990s, when Citil was an Ankara district gendarmerie commander. The families of those killed are appealing the acquittal to Turkey’s Supreme Court. Meanwhile, Citil won a controversial promotion this month to major general.

Human rights advocates say their ability to stem deteriorating human rights is being weakened because they are being blocked by the post-coup crackdown.

“None of us has security in Turkey,” said Amnesty International Turkey researcher Andrew Gardner. “These activities we take on a normal basis. If all these are criminalized, it means next week it could be me that is detained, someone from Human Rights Watch, someone from Turkey’s Human Rights Association.”

Several days ago, 30 more activists, including two senior members of the Turkey Human Rights Association, were detained on anti-terror charges. On Tuesday, all were released, pending trial, after giving statements to an Istanbul court.

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US Military: Iranian Drone Comes Within 30 Meters of US Fighter Jet

An Iranian drone came within 30 meters of a U.S. Navy fighter jet that was waiting to land on the aircraft carrier USS Nimitz as it traveled in the central Persian Gulf, the U.S. Navy and U.S. Central Command said Tuesday.

U.S. military statements said an F/A-18E Super Hornet jet was in a holding pattern above the USS Nimitz when a QOM-1 Iranian drone “executed unsafe and unprofessional altitude changes” nearby.  

“The F/A-18E maneuvered to avoid collision with the QOM-1 resulting in a lateral separation of approximately 200 feet [61 meters] and a vertical separation of approximately 100 feet [30 meters].”

The Navy said sailors had made repeated radio calls for the drone to stay clear of the flight operations around the USS Nimitz.

A U.S. Navy official told VOA Tuesday the incident was a “single run-in,” but the drone had been flying in an area around the carrier for about three hours. The drone was not armed at the time of the incident, the official added.

The near-collision marked the “13th unsafe and/or professional interaction between U.S. and Iranian maritime forces” this year, according to the Navy and Central Command statements.

Last month, the USS Thunderbolt fired multiple warning shots at an Iranian vessel in the Persian Gulf that came within 140 meters of the ship at a high rate of speed.

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Iraq, Saudi Arabia Reopen Land Border and Prepare to Resume Air Links

Saudi Arabia and Iraq say they are in the process of improving relations after the first busloads of Iraqi pilgrims entered the Saudi kingdom through a border crossing at Arar, which had been closed for 27 years. The nations also say that they are resuming air transportation, but have not set a date for the first flights.

Saudi and Iraqi officials embraced each other to celebrate the reopening of their Arar border crossing. A convoy of tour buses carrying more than 1,000 Iraqi pilgrims bound for Mecca entered Saudi territory, amid festivities to welcome them.

Saudi Prince Faisal bin Khalid, governor of the northern region where the border crossing is located, welcomed the pilgrims with copies of the Koran, according to Arab media.

Hilal Khashan, who teaches political science at the American University of Beirut, says he thinks a recent visit to Saudi Arabia by Iraq’s Muqtada al-Sadr was part of an indirect attempt to mend relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia. In Jeddah, the Shi’ite cleric met with  Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman.

Khasan also noted an overture by Iraqi Shi’ite leader Ammar Hakim to open his party to Sunnis. But, he says, if Saudi Arabia hopes to marginalize Iran with the move,  it may be disappointed.

“I believe that the Iranians would stand to benefit from this (move), even though some people would argue that this would likely weaken Iran’s role in Iraq. I don’t really see it,” said Khasan. “I think that Saudi Arabia is reluctant to engage Iran directly, so therefore it engages it through Iraqi Shi’ites.”

The governor of Iraq’s predominantly Sunni Anbar Province, Souheib al-Rawi, tells Arab media the two countries are “cooperating at the highest levels.” He says the busloads of Iraqi pilgrims heading to the annual hajj in Mecca are the first to enter Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Foreign Minister Adel Jubeir discussed improving ties  during an historic visit to Baghdad earlier this year. The countries had been at odds since President Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait in 1990 and relations were further frayed last year when Iraqi officials demanded the recall of newly appointed Saudi ambassador to Baghdad Thamer al-Sabhan over comments about the activities of pro-Iranian militias in Iraq.

Saudi military chief of staff General Abdel Rahman al-Bunyan said during a visit to the Iraqi defense ministry several weeks ago that Baghdad and Riyadh will set up a joint technical cooperation center to exchange information.

The governor of Iraq’s Muthana Province, which borders Saudi Arabia, welcomed the reopening of border crossings in the hope it will lead to closer economic ties.

The Saudi-owned al-Hayat newspaper reported Tuesday that Riyadh and Baghdad have also agreed to resume air links between the two countries, but that no official date has been set for the start of flights.

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Rwandan Soldiers Arrive in South Sudan Ahead of Thousands More Extra UN Troops

About 120 Rwandan peacekeepers have arrived in South Sudan, United Nations said on Tuesday, the first detachment of 4,000 extra troops approved by the U.N. last year to help protect the capital of Africa’s newest country.

The U.N. approved the deployment in August after days of heavy fighting in Juba between troops loyal to President Salva Kiir and those backing former Vice President Riek Machar. There are already 13,000 U.N. peacekeepers in South Sudan.

South Sudan four-year civil war triggered by Kiir’s sacking of Machar as his deputy. The men come from rival ethnic groups and the fighting, which has uprooted a quarter of the country’s 12 million people, has been largely along tribal lines.

The U.N. Secretary General’s special representative in South Sudan, David Shearer, told a news conference that the recruits, who arrived this weekend, would join a battalion from Nepal and Bangladesh attached to the regional protection force (RPF).

The arrival of this contingent … marks the beginning of the phased deployment of the RPF,” Shearer said. More troops were also expected to be deployed from Ethiopia, he said.

The RPF is mandated to enforce peace in Juba and protect the capital’s sole international airport and other important facilities as well as stopping anyone “preparing attacks, or engages in attacks” against U.N. sites, aid workers or civilians and would confront South Sudanese government troops if needed.

“Having additional troops means we can carry out more tasks related to our mandate to protecting civilian and build a durable peace,” Shearer said.

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US Soldiers Deployed to Somalia Teaching Partners How to Drive Trucks

When dozens of American soldiers deployed to Mogadishu back in April, their presence marked the first American military forces in Somalia, except for a small unit of counterterrorism advisers, since March 1994.

VOA broke the story of their arrival, and now, VOA has learned more about their train-and-equip mission in Mogadishu.

Soldiers sent to Somalia with the 101st Airborne are primarily training truck drivers for the Somali military, Maj. Gen. Joseph Harrington, the commander of U.S. Army Africa, told VOA in an exclusive interview.

“They are training Somalis how to drive to keep their logistics going,” Harrington said.

The general was able to see the training-and-equipping course first-hand when he visited Somalia in June. He said the Army was pleased with the results so far, adding that he would “absolutely” continue the training throughout his tenure as commander.

When asked whether the training would be expanded to include other goals in the future, Harrington said he was sending people to Somalia to assess the needs there, in order to better understand how to help the Somali national army effectively secures its population.

U.S. Army Africa works closely with the U.S. State Department to improve African partners’ military professionalism as part of an overall strategy to strengthen African governments so they can better serve their citizens.

“There is some bad history going back years in Africa [in] that they were afraid of their own soldiers,” Harrington explained. Working with them on a regular basis and watching the evolution since a lot of those things happened years ago, it’s very encouraging to see where those armies have come.”

Harrington said his soldiers conduct about 300 activities and exercises with African partners in anywhere from 40 to 45 countries each year.

Troops from the 101st Airborne Division in Ft. Campbell, Kentucky, arrived in Mogadishu on April 2 at the request of the Somali government.

The team is the first significant U.S. military presence in the country, aside from a small counterterrorism cell, since March 1994, when the U.S. pulled out of the U.N. intervention operation in the war-torn state. Five months earlier, in October 1993, 18 U.S. special forces personnel were killed in a battle with Somali militiamen that inspired the movie Black Hawk Down.

The goal of the current operation in Somalia is to build partner capacity while helping to improve the logistics of local forces battling the extremist military group al-Shabab, official have told VOA.

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Al-Qaida Leader Claims German 9/11 Suspect Has Died

A German man believed to have provided logistical support to the Hamburg-based September 11, 2001, hijackers has died, according to a newly-released audio message from the leader of al-Qaida.

 

The announcement by Ayman al-Zawahri came in an August 2 audio message posted online in which he says a man he identifies as Zuhair al-Maghribi who worked for As-Sahab, the terror network’s media arm, is a “martyr.”

 

He says al-Maghribi is one of several who “sacrificed their lives” but doesn’t provide details on when or how they died.

 

Al-Maghribi is a known alias of Said Bahaji, who authorities have said worked for As-Sahab. He’s been wanted on an international arrest warrant issued by Germany shortly after the 2001 terrorist attacks on New York and Washington.

 

Germany-born Bahaji, who is of Moroccan descent, is believed to have helped suicide hijackers Mohamad Atta, Marwan al-Shehhi and Ziad Jarrah when they were in Hamburg, and to have fled shortly before the September 11 attacks.

 

In an operation in 2009, the Pakistani military battled their way into a Taliban stronghold along the Afghan border and found Bahaji’s German passport, among others. It included a tourist visa for Pakistan and a stamp indicating he had arrived in the southern city of Karachi on September 4, 2001.

 

The authenticity of the al-Zawahri recording could not be independently confirmed but it resembled previous messages released by the al-Qaida leader.

 

SITE Intelligence Group, a U.S. organization that monitors militant messaging, reported on the recording, noting that in it, al-Zawahri also “revealed that Khalid Sheikh Muhammad,” a top al-Qaida leader in U.S. custody, founded As-Sahab.

 

Germany’s foreign intelligence agency, the BND, would not comment on Tuesday on the recording, citing organizational policy.

 

Bahaji was long suspected of having died, but al-Qaida never publicly acknowledged his death until al-Zawahri’s audio recording a week ago.

 

In a list published by the United Nations Security Council of people and entities against whom there are sanctions, Bahaji is said to be “reportedly deceased in September 2013 in the Afghanistan/Pakistan border area.”

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Kenyan Voters Undeterred by Long Lines, Morning Rain, Afternoon Heat

Kenyans cast their ballots Tuesday for a new president, governors, and legislators, among other posts.

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In Harford County, Volunteers Restore and Preserve Old garments

A group of volunteers are dedicating their time and sewing skills to preserve old garments. As Faiza Elmasry reports, the Textile Project in Harford County in Maryland, makes connections between the past and the present. Faith Lapidus narrates.

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Researchers Say Animals Like Video Games Too!

It’s not just people who like playing computer games. Animals of different species also seem to be fascinated with video games and touch screens, as researchers and zoos try this technology on animals. VOA’s Elizabeth Lee reports from the Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach, California.

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Iraqis with Deportation Orders Win Their Day in Court

A judge in Detroit has halted the deportation of 1,400 Iraqis nationwide until their cases can be reviewed. Most of these Iraqi nationals were convicted of non-violent crimes, making them subject to deportation. But as VOA’s Sama Dizayee reports, they face persecution if they are sent back.

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Major General Joe Harrington Talks About US Troops in Africa

Major General Joe Harrington, Commander, US Army Africa, recently sat down with VOA’s Carla Babb for an exclusive interview on US operations and the situation on the continent.

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Hackers Demand Millions in Ransom for Stolen HBO Data

Hackers using the name “Mr. Smith” posted a fresh cache of stolen HBO files online Monday, and demanded that HBO pay a ransom of several million dollars to prevent further such releases.

The data dump included what appear to be scripts from five “Game of Thrones” episodes, including one upcoming episode, and a month’s worth of email from the account of Leslie Cohen, HBO’s vice president for film programming. There were also internal documents, including a report of legal claims against the network and job offer letters to top executives.

HBO, which previously acknowledged the theft of “proprietary information,” said it’s continuing to investigate and is working with police and cybersecurity experts. The network said Monday that it still doesn’t believe that its email system as a whole has been compromised.

This is the second data dump from the purported hacker. So far the HBO leaks have been limited, falling well short of the chaos inflicted on Sony in 2014. In that attack, hackers unearthed thousands of embarrassing emails and released personal information, including salaries and social security numbers, of nearly 50,000 current and former Sony employees.  

 

Those behind the HBO hack claim to have more data, including scripts, upcoming episodes of HBO shows and movies, and information damaging to HBO.

In a video directed to HBO CEO Richard Plepler, “Mr. Smith” used white text on a black background to threaten further disclosures if HBO doesn’t pay up. To stop the leaks, the purported hackers demanded “our 6 month salary in bitcoin,” which they implied is at least $6 million.

 

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Balkan Trade War Brews Over Huge Croatian Import Fee Rise

The Balkans have become embroiled in a trade war over agricultural health checks after Croatia raised import fees on some farm products by around 220 percent, triggering countermeasures by Serbia and threats from others.

Last month European Union-member Croatia raised its fees for phytosanitary controls — agricultural checks for pests and viruses — on fruits and vegetables at its borders to 2,000 kuna ($319) from 90 kuna.

It cited compliance with EU standards and protection of its consumers.

But ministers from EU candidates Serbia, Macedonia and Montenegro, as well as from fellow EU aspirant Bosnia, said the move violated their respective pre-accession agreements with the bloc under which they were guaranteed equal access to markets.

“These measures are absolutely protectionist in an economic sense. They are populist in political sense and cannot be justified, They are [not] in the spirit of good neighborly relations,” Serbian Economy Minister Rasim Ljajic told reporters after meeting his Balkan counterparts in Sarajevo.

The ministers from the four countries called on Croatia to withdraw its decision and invited the European Commission to get involved to solve an issue they said violated the free trade principles.

They also asked for an urgent meeting with the Croatian agriculture minister. However, until the issue has been resolved, each country will take counter-measures it considered adequate to protect its own economic interests, they said.

Economic War in Sight?

Ljajic said that Serbia has already stepped up phytosanitary controls on all organic produce from Croatia and will increase them further. This means that goods, including meat and dairy products, could be held up at borders from 15-30 days.

“Our goal is not to wage any kind of economic war but to protect our economic interests and the free flow of goods,” he said.

Macedonia and Montenegro said they would file complaints to the World Trade Organization, of which they are members, and seek mechanisms through the body for compensation from Croatia, which raised import fees at a peak of the high season for export of fruits and vegetables from their countries.

Besides discriminating against importers on its own market, Croatia is also making exports to the EU more difficult and expensive because it is vital entry point for imports to the EU from the Balkans, the ministers said.

Commenting on the explanation from Croatia that their move was not aimed against the neighbors but against all non-EU members, Bosnia’s Foreign Trade Minister Mirko Sarovic said: “Croatia does not import raspberries from Trinidad and Tobago but from Serbia and Bosnia.” He said that Bosnia was considering an “adequate response” but declined to elaborate.

Most countries in the region import more than they export to Croatia. Only Serbia operates a trade surplus with its neighbor, with exports in  2016 reaching 116 million euros ($137 million) versus imports worth 79 million euros.

Relations remain strained between the two former Yugoslav countries and bitter foes during the Balkan wars of the 1990s, despite improvements in investments, the flow of people and capital.

($1 = 6.2688 kuna)

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2 Members of Russian Punk Band Pussy Riot Detained

Two members of the Russian feminist punk band Pussy Riot were briefly detained Monday after rallying for the release of a Ukrainian filmmaker outside his Siberian prison.

During Sunday’s protest in Yakutsk where Oleg Sentsov is serving his sentence, the band members unfurled a banner on a nearby bridge that read “Free Sentsov!”

Longtime Pussy Riot member Maria Alyokhina tweeted that she and Olga Borisova were taken to a police station following their detention earlier in the day and faced a court hearing over charges of holding an unauthorized rally.

Borisova later said on Facebook that she and Alyokhina were released after a judge found flaws in the case. It was unclear if the police would refile charges.

A Russian military court convicted Sentsov, who comes from the Crimean Peninsula that Russia annexed from Ukraine in 2014, of conspiracy to commit terror attacks and sentenced him to 20 years in prison.

Sentsov, who made two short movies and the 2012 feature film “Gamer,” denied the charges, which he and his supporters denounced as political punishment for his opposition to Crimea’s annexation.

The U.S. and the EU have criticized his conviction and called for his release, and numerous cultural figures in Russia and abroad have urged the Russian government to free him.

Pussy Riot is a loose collective and most of its members perform anonymously. The balaclava-clad women rose to prominence with their daring outdoor performances critical of President Vladimir Putin and Russia’s ruling elite.

An impromptu “punk prayer” at Moscow’s Cathedral of Christ the Savior that derided the ties between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Kremlin got them into trouble in 2012.

Three band members were convicted of “hooliganism motivated by religious hatred” for the stunt. Alyokhina and another member, Nadezhda Tolokonnikova, spent nearly two years in prison.

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